UPSC PYQs: Prelims CSAT

Review complete published questions grouped by paper: Prelims CSAT.

1201 published questions

Other qualifying paper groups

Essay108 published questions
Kannada Optional Paper I310 published questions
Kannada Optional Paper II280 published questions
Mains GS1295 published questions
Mains GS2285 published questions
Mains GS3285 published questions
Mains GS4215 published questions
Prelims CSAT1201 published questions
Prelims GS11525 published questions

Questions

X receives three different coins chosen from denominations 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20; their total is m. Is a ₹5 coin included? Statement I: m is not prime. Statement II: the sum of the digits of m exceeds 5.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Analytical Ability, Reasoning · Data sufficiency
For two distinct real numbers x and y, can we determine which is larger? Statement I: x² < y < 1. Statement II: y < √x < 1.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Analytical Ability, Reasoning · Data sufficiency
For integers x and y, is x even? Statement I: x²y² is even. Statement II: 1+x²+y² is odd.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Analytical Ability, Reasoning · Parity data sufficiency
X contains odd numbers, Y contains even numbers, and every member of T comes from X or Y. Is every member of T from Y? I. The sum of any two members of T is even. II. For any p,q in T, (p−1)q is even.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Analytical Ability, Reasoning · Parity data sufficiency
Integers x,y,z are each greater than 1. Is x prime? I. xy²=116. II. xz=261.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Analytical Ability, Reasoning · Data sufficiency
Passage: Kalagram at the Maha Kumbh displayed seven regional 'Sanskriti Angans', temple-inspired thematic zones featuring Bengal Pattachitra, Assam bamboo craft, Tamil Nadu Thanjavur painting and Madhya Pradesh tribal sculpture, created by 230 master artisans. Which conclusions are valid? 1. Seven Sanskriti Angans represented different regions. 2. Regional artistry was recognized specifically through the temple inspiration. 3. Contemporary artisans used old techniques to shape representations of India's ancient heritage. 4. Art forms from every region of India were displayed.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Kalagram passage
Using the Kalagram passage, which statement is NOT correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Kalagram passage
Weights satisfy A+B+C+D=17, A+C=6, P+Q+S+D=15, P+Q+R+B=17, with P=R and Q=S. Which statement must be correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Linear equations
How many arrangements can be made from the letters of QUEUE if Q must always be immediately followed by U?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Permutations
X, Y and Z jump in steps of 4, 6 and 5 feet respectively. At 8 AM all are at mark 199. How many marks between 195 and 1000 can all three land on, not necessarily at the same time?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · LCM
Passage: Sport should be seen not merely as medals or quota jobs but as a way of life that can address isolation, anxiety and inactivity while teaching time management, fitness, teamwork and coordination. Which conclusions are valid? 1. Sport is more than games and can be a way of life. 2. It can reduce seclusion among young people. 3. Sporting achievement can help through sports-quota employment. 4. Corporate-type skills cannot be learnt through sport.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Sport and life skills
From the sport passage, consider: 1. Parents are insufficiently encouraging children to play sport. 2. Sporting participation can develop life skills. 3. Sport as a way of life can help shape a healthier, happier society. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Sport and life skills
A toy moves 5 feet forward for each forward jump and 2 feet backward for each backward jump. In 31 jumps it ends 15 feet ahead. What is the absolute difference between the numbers of forward and backward jumps?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Linear equations
Eight people P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W sit around a circle. P and R are adjacent to Q; T and R are adjacent to S; U and W are adjacent to V; S and W are opposite. Moving clockwise from P, R occurs before T. How many people does Q pass clockwise before meeting W?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Circular seating
A fixed 6×10 rectangular tabletop has two non-overlapping blue rectangles, each 2.5×8, each touching two adjacent outer edges; the rest is white. How many distinct above-view patterns are possible?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Spatial arrangement
Passage: Most countries use 'double deflation', separately deflating input and output prices. With unchanged quantities and output prices, a fall in imported-oil prices should not change real value added; using one deflator for both may make productivity appear higher. Which statements are correct? 1. Real value should remain unchanged in the stated case. 2. Separate input/output deflators are universally used by all economies.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Double deflation
From the deflation passage, evaluate assumptions: 1. A deflation method can make manufacturing performance appear better than it truly is. 2. 'Double deflation' means deflating both input and output against a single input-price index.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Double deflation
A 15-character string follows a repeating pattern of a and b and is shown with two unknown characters at positions 7 and 8. The consistent repeating block is abbab. What are positions 7 and 8?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Pattern recognition
If 10^m ×1000×n = 75^25 ×25^32 ×32^75 and n is not divisible by 10, find m.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Prime factorization
A 100 km/h train passes a person walking at 4 km/h in the same direction in 15 seconds. Approximately how long would it take to pass the person if the person walked in the opposite direction?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Relative speed
For 1/3 < x < y < 2, which is always true? I. x+1/x < y+1/y. II. √(1+y²)/y < √(1+x²)/x.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Inequalities and functions
Using measuring vessels of 1, 6, 25 and 100 litres, what is the minimum number of measurements needed to obtain a net 298 litres, allowing a measured quantity to be returned to the tank?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Measurement optimization
Weights of 1, 2, 5 and 10 kg are available. In how many different ways can exactly 20 kg be measured if at least 8 but not more than 11 one-kilogram weights must be used?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Integer combinations
A cube is cut by planes, pieces remaining unmoved. After the third cut all resulting pieces are identical. Which cannot be the total number of pieces after a fourth planar cut?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Spatial cutting
A class average x rises by 4 when a score is corrected from 0 to100. Later another score is corrected from81 down to56. If the final average is y, find y−x.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Average
Passage: SARS-CoV-2 was novel in 2019, whereas HMPV has circulated for decades; they belong to different virus families, have different epidemiology, seasonality, severity and affected population profiles. Which conclusions are valid? 1. They are similar viruses and SARS-CoV-2 became pandemic mainly because it was novel. 2. Their fundamentally different impacts mean they should not automatically be treated in the same manner.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · HMPV and SARS-CoV-2
From the HMPV/SARS-CoV-2 passage, which proposed writer-intents are supported? 1. Develop methodologies for objective analysis. 2. Establish epidemiological similarities and differences. 3. Explain HMPV remedies by comparison with SARS-CoV-2.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Writer's intent
From the same virus passage, which rational inferences follow? 1. HMPV has a much longer documented history than SARS-CoV-2. 2. Their differences produce different outcomes among affected populations. 3. Their long-term effects differ materially. 4. Both share strong seasonal specificity.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Virus epidemiology
x,y,z are distinct values chosen from 2,3,4,5. If M and N are the maximum and minimum of xy+z, what is M−N?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Optimization
Positive variables satisfy y∝x² and x∝1/z. When z=7/25, x=5 and y=50. If y=98, find z.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Variation
Passage: India is beginning to use AI in weather forecasting, pest control and yield optimization, but adoption is concentrated among tech-savvy farmers. Wider use could come from affordable Indian-language tools, AgTech partnerships and government advisory programmes. Which assumptions are valid? 1. Western agricultural productivity advanced because AI economies of scale. 2. Affordable local-language AI can reach more small farmers. 3. India already uses AI in some critical farm applications despite low penetration.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · AI in agriculture
From the agricultural-AI passage, which statements are NOT correct? 1. Tech-savvy farmers will drive future AgTech companies. 2. Government AI advisory services would help. 3. AI has replaced traditional farming in the US and Europe. 4. Large datasets are already integrated for real-time agronomic insight.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · AI in agriculture
P,Q,R,S,T have ranks1–5. P=4, R=1, Q≠5, S≠2, T≠3. I. If S=3 then T=2. II. If Q=3 then T=5. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Ranking
Two five-segment rods carry matching colour positions labelled P1–P5 and Q1–Q5, with P1 matching Q3, P4 matching Q1 or Q2, and Q4 matching P3 or P5. If Q3 and Q5 are adjacent, are these possible? I. Q3 is in the middle. II. P2 is at an extreme.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Arrangement
Seven persons A–G use cars X,Y,Z. A and two others use X; only E travels with G; C uses Z; B does not use Y; A and B are in different cars. Which are correct? I. Nobody travels alone. II. D is the only person with F. III. C is the only person with B.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Grouping
Statements X,Y,Z,W obey: if X is false then Z is false; if Y is false then W is true; if W is true then X is false. I. If X is true, Y is true. II. If Z is true, Y need not be true. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Conditional logic
Runners X and Y have speed ratio 7:5 and start together in the same direction. After Y finishes5 laps it reverses and doubles speed; X continues until completing21 laps. How many meetings occur after start and before the final stopping instant?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Circular motion
An exam awards +5 for correct and −2 for wrong. A student attempts all questions and scores69. Under an alternative +4/−1 scheme the same responses would score84. How many questions were there?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Linear equations
Passage: Under the JJ Act 2015, a child above16 may potentially be tried as an adult for a heinous offence, defined by a minimum punishment of seven years; the 2021 amendment classifies offences with no minimum but maximum of seven years or more as serious. Which conclusions are valid? 1. Only a serious offence justifies transfer to adult court. 2. Serious-offence classification in the stated category depends on maximum rather than minimum sentence.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Juvenile Justice Act
Using the JJ Act passage, consider: 1. An offence with no prescribed minimum punishment cannot meet the 2015 definition of 'heinous'. 2. Under the 2021 amendment, an offence with no minimum but a maximum sentence of at least seven years is classified as serious. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Juvenile Justice Act
An explosion occurs some distance from an army camp. When its sound reaches the camp, drone 1 flies to the site and sends a picture instantly on arrival. On receipt, drone 2 immediately flies to the same site and sends another picture. Pictures arrive at 5:02 PM and 5:05 PM. Drone speed is 30 m/s and sound speed 300 m/s. When did the explosion occur?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Time speed distance
What is the units digit of 6^129 × 7^307?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Units digit
A person saves 10% of salary. Salary rises by12% while expenditure rises by10%. What happens to monthly saving?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Percentage
P has a son and a daughter. S is T's mother and R's spouse. Q and R are P's children. How is Q related to S?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Blood relations
How many three-digit positive integers are integral powers of 2?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Powers
Passage: Cleaner air depends strongly on the fuels we burn. Pet coke and coal bans show that bans need feasible cleaner alternatives; the CNG transition required assured supply and fiscal measures keeping clean fuel affordable. Which inferences follow? 1. Fuel choice is central to clean-air policy. 2. Bans work mainly when public will is strong. 3. Courts have supported fiscal intervention to keep cleaner fuels competitively priced.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Clean fuel transition
From the clean-air passage, consider: 1. Thermal power stations in Delhi were ordered simply to shut down. 2. CNG supply had to be assured when diesel buses were stopped. 3. The Supreme Court itself imposed the coal ban across the NCR. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Clean fuel transition
Every red is blue; every blue is green; every green is yellow. P: every blue is yellow. Q: every red is green. R: every red is yellow. Which follow?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Syllogism
Across all two-digit positive integers, how many times does the digit 5 occur?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Counting digits
X cycles 6 km: first1 km at5 km/h, next2 km at10, last3 km at4. Y covers the same legs at4,10,5 km/h respectively. How many minutes earlier does Y finish?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Speed and time
Seven identical-looking cubes include one lighter cube; the other six have equal weight. Using a balance scale, what is the minimum worst-case number of weighings needed to identify the lighter cube?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Balance puzzle
Passage: Earlier customer-service technologies raised fears of job losses that largely did not materialize. AI may differ, but it could also free humans for more creative and rewarding work such as using feedback to improve products. Which option best captures the passage?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · AI and employment
Using the customer-service technology passage, which conclusions are correct? 1. New customer-service technologies have repeatedly triggered job-loss fears. 2. Technology may replace tasks without eliminating jobs, creating alternative work. 3. New technology inevitably creates stressful outcomes.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · AI and employment
Passage: Rai Sahib refuses profitable offers to lease a common grazing ground because cattle from nearby villages use it; he believes a landlord must look after tenants. Which conclusion is correct? 1. All landlords have innate goodness. 2. Village common grazing land is intended only for cattle of that village. 3. A tradition-minded landlord such as Rai Sahib may be especially concerned about tenants. 4. Winds later in the day are cooler than the morning air.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Rai Sahib passage
From the Rai Sahib passage, which statements are NOT correct? 1. All of Rai Sahib's landholdings were not being farmed. 2. He was as greedy as other landlords. 3. It cannot be known whether leasing the grazing land could earn money. 4. He valued tenants and their livelihood.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Rai Sahib passage
Facing east, a person walks4 km, turns right for3 km, turns left for2 km, then turns left for3 km. What are the straight-line distance from the start and final facing direction?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Directions
A sequence starts 4,7 and every later term is the sum of the two preceding terms. What is the sixth term?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Number sequence
Male:female worker ratios in companies A and B are13:10 and7:5. If both companies have the same number of female workers, what is the ratio of their total workforces A:B?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Ratio
For two distinct natural numbers, suppose HCF×LCM equals the cube of one of the numbers. I. Their difference must be even. II. One of the numbers must be a perfect square. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · HCF and LCM
Digits x and y make the number 4x5y790 divisible by11. What remainder does x+y leave on division by11?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Divisibility by 11
Passage: At Wimbledon, actor Hugh Grant briefly fell asleep in the Royal Box. The writer treats the nap as a quietly radical surrender not to laziness but to bodily limits, placing rest above society's relentless performance demands. Which statements are correct? 1. A mild surrender against social expectations can itself be radical. 2. Accepting age/body limitations should not be equated with laziness. 3. The phrase 'leading man, not of action but of rest' deliberately recasts a cinematic expression.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Rest and social expectations
From the Hugh Grant passage, consider: 1. He was watching a men's semifinal between Cobolli and Djokovic. 2. 'Unexpected ace' uses tennis imagery for the nap but the act is condemned. 3. Grant lets bodily wisdom override social performance expectations. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Rest and social expectations
Passage: Convergence theory describes breakaway, catch-up and fine-tuning phases between technology leaders and followers. Leaders pull ahead when a new technology emerges; followers later adopt it; in fine-tuning both extract remaining gains and incomes converge. Which conclusions are correct? 1. Followers make slow progress during breakaway. 2. Leaders stagnate during catch-up. 3. In fine-tuning, an increasingly exhausted technology yields similar income levels. 4. The historical sequence cited is scavenging→hunting→farming→industrial technology.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Convergence theory
Using the convergence passage, which statements are correct? 1. The model divides nations themselves into three phases. 2. Its core is closing a gap between 'labour' and 'productivity'. 3. Technology leaders generally enter new economic eras earlier than followers. 4. The time span should be obtained by adding all four historical date markers listed in the passage.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Convergence theory
Alloy P is20% copper and80% zinc; Q is60% copper and40% zinc. In what ratio P:Q should they be mixed to obtain an alloy with equal copper and zinc?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Alligation
A is a two-digit number with distinct non-zero reversal B, also two-digit. If A>B and A−B is a multiple of27, how many possible values of A exist?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Digits and divisibility
If ZERO is coded as ADSN by alternately shifting letters +1,−1,+1,−1, how is STOP coded?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Coding-decoding
A 3×100 rectangular strip must be tiled exactly with 3×3, 3×7 and 3×11 tiles. If x and y are the maximum and minimum possible numbers of tiles, what is x−y?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Integer optimization
A train must cover800 km. After200 km a minor accident halves its speed; 400 km later a mechanical defect reduces the then-current speed to one-fourth. If reversing the order of accident and defect at those same distances would add4 hours, what was the original speed?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Speed changes
Five candidates are scored in three components with weights0.2,0.3,0.5. Their component scores are: C1=(5,4,6), C2=(4,6,5), C3=(3,2,8), C4=(9,4,3), C5=(8,8,2). What cutoff selects exactly the top three?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Data Interpretation, Numeracy · Weighted score
S1: Environmental protection is an existential necessity because degradation affects climate. S2: Scientific consensus is incomplete on the extent of human contribution to climate change. S3: Environmental activism includes climate alarmism/extremism that climate-change deniers often focus on. Which relations are correct? 1. S3 is a counterpoint to S1. 2. S3 is unconnected to S1/S2. 3. S2 could help explain the dynamic in S3.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning, Reasoning · Statement relationships
Match relationship with communication style: A cricket captain–team; B judge–lawyers; C Vice Chancellor–Deputy Registrar; D peers/coworkers. Styles: 1 informal & firm, 2 informal & open-ended, 3 formal & open-ended, 4 formal & firm.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Communication styles
Match communication tools to purpose: A Memorandum; B Flyer; C Bcc; D Minutes. Purposes: 1 record decisions, 2 inform confidentially, 3 intimate a directive, 4 disseminate non-targeted information.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Communication tools
For interpersonal conflict among culturally diverse office staff, which directives are most appropriate? 1. Require staff to practise each group's cultural-marker activities. 2. Let conflicts resolve naturally over time. 3. Encourage staff to understand one another's perspectives.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Interpersonal conflict
Match communication barriers to examples: A Semantic; B Cognitive; C Organisational; D Affective. Examples: 1 lack of feedback, 2 misunderstanding a word, 3 fear of social stigma, 4 information overload.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Communication barriers
For an on-location questionnaire assessing feasibility of a family-oriented vacation resort near a mountain lake, which information should be included? 1. Family size. 2. Budget. 3. Number of earners. 4. Food allergies/diet restrictions.2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Questionnaire design
Regarding circular letters: 1. They are usually addressed to a group. 2. They typically contain customized non-standard content. 3. They are appropriate for confidential employee appraisal/increment notices. 4. They are less cost-effective than individually tailored letters. Which are correct?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Communication Skills, Reasoning · Circular letters
Partners A,B,C share profit proportional to capital×time. A invests one-third of total capital for one-third of the duration; B one-fourth for one-fourth; C the remaining capital for the full duration. From ₹17,000 profit, how much does C receive?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Partnership
A 10-litre container initially holds only chemical A. Three times, 1 litre of the mixture is removed and replaced with 1 litre of B. Approximately what percentage of the final mixture is B?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Replacement mixtures
A delivery worker earns ₹5 per delivery plus ₹2 per kilometre, wants more than ₹500 per day, and refuses to travel more than100 km. Which number of deliveries definitely guarantees the target without knowing total distance?2026 · Prelims CSAT · Basic Numeracy, Numeracy · Linear constraints
Passage: Climate risks and mitigation opportunities differ across Indian regions: coasts face sea-level rise, dry districts face variable monsoons, Himalayan regions have distinct risks, while some peninsular and offshore areas have wind-energy potential. What is the most pragmatic message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate adaptation
Using the same passage on region-specific climate risks and opportunities, consider the assumptions: I. Green-energy production can be integrated with climate mitigation/adaptation. II. Climate-change effects are necessarily much more severe in coastal and mountainous regions. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate adaptation
Passage: In India, social inequality is acutely felt socially, while economic insecurity can be felt even more sharply than poverty. People just above the poverty line also face health, wealth, market and job risks, and many public policies seek to reduce such insecurity. What is the critical message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Economic insecurity
From the passage on economic insecurity, evaluate assumptions: I. People above the poverty line can also experience anxiety about economic insecurity. II. Eradicating poverty by itself can bring peace and social equality. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Economic insecurity
A cube is painted on all faces and cut into 60 equal smaller pieces using the minimum number of planar cuts. Consider: I. The minimum number of cuts is 9. II. Six smaller pieces have no painted face. Which is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Mensuration
If the operation satisfies 7 × 24 = 25 and 12 × 16 = 20, what is 16 × 63?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Number patterns
Petrol rises by 10% from ₹90/litre. A person normally drives 2200 km per month in a car giving 16 km/litre. By how many kilometres must monthly travel be reduced to keep petrol spending unchanged?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Percentage
A four-digit number N leaves remainders 1, 3, 4 and 7 when divided by 3, 5, 6 and 9 respectively. What is the smallest possible N?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Remainders
Consider: I. If A≤B>C E>F≥G=H, then B is always greater than E. II. If P>Q=R≥S=T≤U=V>W, then S is always less than V. Which statement(s) is/are correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Inequalities
What is the units digit of 1×3×5×7×9×…×999?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Units digit
Passage: Exam-focused teaching is inadequate for future work, which needs critical and independent thinking, learning by doing, multidisciplinary questioning, evidence-based argument and reflection. Higher learning should teach how to think, and teaching must be reinvented. What best expresses the central idea?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Education
From the higher-education passage, consider: I. Higher education must evolve with changing social and work demands. II. India does not allocate sufficient funds to higher education. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Education
Passage: As societies become wealthier, more grains and legumes are diverted to animal feed, yet converting plant calories into animal food is inefficient—only a small fraction returns as edible animal calories. What is the crux?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Food efficiency
From the passage on plant-to-animal food conversion, consider assumptions: I. Food-processing industries everywhere should alter objectives with social needs. II. Wealthier societies can lose substantial food calories through indirect use of crops as animal feed. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Food efficiency
What is the greatest n for which 7×343×385×1000×2401×77777 is divisible by 35^n?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Prime factorization
Find X in the sequence 24, X, 12, 18, 36, 90.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Number series
P and Q start together at 5:00 a.m. on a circular track in opposite directions, moving at 5 and 3 rounds per hour. How many times do they cross between 5:20 a.m. and 7:00 a.m.?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Time and speed
Let P=+, Q=−, R=× and S=÷. Which sequence of symbols inserted in 60 _ 15 _ 3 _ 20 _ 4 makes the result 20?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Coding arithmetic
A tram moving in the same direction overtakes walkers X and Y, who move at 3 km/h and 4 km/h. It completely passes them in 8 s and 9 s respectively. What is the tram's length?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Relative speed
If N² = 12345678987654321, how many digits does N contain?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Squares
Passage: Conserving an ecosystem exclusively for biodiversity can constrain livelihoods and commercial use, while exploitation can cause deforestation, floods, siltation and livelihood damage. These tensions are especially acute where people depend heavily on ecosystems. What is the critical message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Ecosystem-livelihood trade-offs
From the ecosystem-use passage, evaluate assumptions: I. No country needs ecosystems to boost national income. II. Resource-rich countries must share resources with resource-poor countries to prevent ecosystem degradation. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Ecosystem-livelihood trade-offs
Passage: Renewable-energy costs often fall rapidly with scale and learning. Green innovation is path-dependent: the more firms do now, the more they can do later. Solar prices fell dramatically, and starting transition early and gradually reduces disruption compared with a late chaotic shift. What is the central idea?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Green transition
From the passage on path-dependent green innovation, consider assumptions: I. Path-dependent green investment can plausibly support growth and public finances in a country such as India. II. If other green technologies repeat solar's cost decline, transition is likely to become easier. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Green transition
A natural number N can be written as N=p+q+r, where p, q and r are distinct factors of N. How many such N below 50 exist?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Factors
Three prime numbers p, q and r, each below 20, satisfy p−q=q−r. How many distinct values can p+q+r take?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Prime numbers
How many distinct values of p+q+r are possible for natural numbers p, q and r satisfying 1/p + 1/q + 1/r = 1?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Diophantine fractions
Find X and Y in the sequence: January, January, December, October, X, March, October, Y, September.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Sequence pattern
Team X scores N runs in 20 overs. Team Y ties the score in 10% fewer overs. The question also says that with a 50% higher average run rate, Y would tie the score in 12 overs. How many runs did X score?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Rates
A commodity price p is increased by k%, decreased by k%, then again increased by k% and decreased by k%. If the final price is q, which relation is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Percentage
Passage: Indian agriculture never experienced a sustained high-growth phase comparable with the non-agricultural economy. Agricultural growth peaked around the 1980s and then relatively stagnated while non-agricultural growth kept rising. Which corollary is most reasonable?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Agricultural growth
From the passage on agricultural and non-agricultural growth divergence, consider suggested assumptions for reducing the gap: I. Large-scale commercial crops and corporate farming. II. Free crop insurance and very heavy input subsidies comparable with developed countries. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Agricultural growth
Passage: Handlooms are often supported as a continuous 'tradition', but the idea of a single linear tradition is contested because dominant narratives have excluded many identities and histories. Against this background, promoting handloom only as traditional can alienate sections of society. What is the most logical message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Culture and handloom
From the handloom passage, evaluate assumptions: I. The State need not be involved in the handloom sector at all. II. Handloom products have become unattractive in the modern world. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Culture and handloom
Among the first 100 natural numbers, how many are not divisible by any of 2, 3, 5, 7 or 9?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Divisibility
If 4≤x≤8 and 2≤y≤7, what is the ratio of the maximum value of (x+y) to the minimum value of (x−y)?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Optimization
Let p and k be prime numbers such that p²+k is also prime and less than 30. How many possible values can k take?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Prime numbers
There are n distinct sets, each containing three positive integers, whose LCM is 1001 and HCF is 1. What can be said about n?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · HCF and LCM
PQR and PPT are three-digit numbers and PS is a two-digit number; P,Q,R,S,T are distinct non-zero digits. If PQR−PS=PPT, Q=3 and T<6, how many possible ordered pairs (R,S) exist?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Digit puzzle
Fill the five blanks in AB_CC_A_BCCC_BBC_C so that the resulting letter sequence follows the intended pattern.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Letter series
Passage: Climate and atmospheric changes may alter crop-disease prevalence. Modern high-value crops have been selectively bred for present conditions, often losing genetic variation that could help them cope with new stresses; a minor or unfamiliar disease could therefore spread rapidly through a genetically uniform crop. What is the central idea?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Crop genetic diversity
From the passage on crop disease and genetic uniformity, consider assumptions: I. Climate change can shift plant diseases into new areas. II. Better understanding of wild crop relatives could help strengthen food security. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Crop genetic diversity
Passage: A wise statesman learns from opponents because supporters may overlook danger. A healthy balance of political power prevents arbitrary administration and revolutionary opposition. What is the critical message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Democratic opposition
From the passage on political opposition, evaluate assumptions: I. Strong opposition is needed only when the head of government is indifferent. II. More aggressive opposition always produces better governance. Which is/are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Democratic opposition
P is brother of Q and R. S is R's mother and T is P's father. Consider: I S and T are a couple; II Q is T's son; III T is Q's father; IV S is P's mother; V R is T's daughter; VI P is S's son. How many are definitely true?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Blood relations
If NO is coded as 210, NOT as 4200 and NOTE as 21000, how is NOTES coded?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Coding-decoding
If FRANCE is coded 654321 and GERMANY is coded 9158437, how is YEMEN coded?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Coding-decoding
A five-digit number PQRST has all distinct digits and T≠0. P=3T, S=Q+4 and Q=R+3. How many such five-digit numbers are possible?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Digit constraints
X completes one-third of a work in 6 days, Y one-third in 8 days, and Z three-fourths in 12 days. They work together for n days; then X and Z stop, and Y finishes the remaining work in 8⅔ days. Find n.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Time and work
Find X in 1, 3, 6, 11, 18, X, 42.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Number series
Passage: A single inflation number aggregates many prices with weights. WPI uses production weights; CPI uses a consumption basket, but consumption differs substantially among poor, middle-class and rich households, requiring a composite average. What is the key message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inflation measurement
Passage: Trust involves vulnerability to others. Entrepreneurship and global systems rely on trust despite the possibility of betrayal; trusting also means expecting competence and good conduct. What is the crux?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Trust
Data sufficiency: With 10 minutes left, football team P trails Q by 3 goals. Does P win? I. P scores 4 goals in the last 10 minutes. II. Q scores 4 goals in the entire match.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Analytical Ability · Data sufficiency
Data sufficiency: For natural numbers p and q, is (p+q)²−4pq positive? I. p q.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Analytical Ability · Data sufficiency
Three T20 players X,Y,Z score 37 runs in total and X/Y=Y/Z. Compare their individual runs. Which ordering must hold?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Ratio and proportion
Let p+q=10. Value I is the maximum pq for positive integers p,q. Value II is the maximum pq when integers satisfy p≥−6 and q≥−4. Compare the values.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Optimization
For a set of 11 numbers, Value I is the minimum average when they are consecutive integers each ≥−5. Value II is the minimum product when they are consecutive non-negative integers. Compare.2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Sequences
The average of p,q,r is k. The amount by which p exceeds the average equals the amount by which q falls below the average. What is r?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Averages
For a real number 0 x³. II. x>√x. Which is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Inequalities
Two natural numbers differ by 10. What can be said about natural numbers divisible by 5 that lie strictly between them?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Divisibility
Passage: Net-zero commitments require household emissions to fall sharply. Behavioural change may deliver only part of the reduction, and even that depends on governments and companies making low-carbon choices cheaper and more available. What is the central idea?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate behaviour
Using the same net-zero passage, consider: I. Supply-side investment can encourage low-carbon behaviour. II. People cannot adopt low-carbon behaviour without government or company involvement. Which assumption(s) are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumptions
Passage: Global raw-material use has risen sharply while reuse remains low. End-of-life EV batteries contain valuable minerals that can be recovered and used in new batteries, reducing supply-chain and environmental risks. What is the most pragmatic message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Circular economy
Using the battery-recycling passage, consider: I. Automobile factories are themselves examples of a circular economy. II. Economic growth can be compatible with circular use of mineral resources. Which assumption(s) are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumptions
Twenty pipes of set X can fill 70% of a tank in 14 minutes. Ten pipes of set Y fill 3/8 of it in 6 minutes. Sixteen pipes of set Z can empty half the tank in 20 minutes. If only 10 X pipes and 5 Y pipes work while all Z pipes are open, how long is required to fill half the tank?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Pipes and cisterns
For natural number n, how many distinct remainders can 1^n + 2^n leave when divided by 4?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Remainders
Let P = QQQ denote a three-digit number with all digits equal to Q. What is HCF(P, 481)?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · HCF
In the concatenated sequence 12345678910111213..., what is the 489th digit?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Number sequence
A phone is stolen and exactly one of P, Q and R is guilty. P says: 'I did not steal it; Q did.' Q says: 'R did not steal it; I did not.' R says: 'I did not steal it; I do not know who did.' With no rule about who is truthful, who stole it?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Truth and statements
Teams P, Q and R each play one another once. A win gives 2 points, a draw 1 and a loss 0. Each team scores exactly one goal in the tournament. Final points are P=3, Q=2, R=1. Consider: I. P–Q was a 0–0 draw. II. R scored its goal against Q. Which are correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Tournament reasoning
Passage: Corporate capitalism is presented as a driver of modernization, structural transformation, jobs, competitiveness and tax revenue that can finance welfare. What is the critical message?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Corporate capitalism
Using the corporate-capitalism passage, consider: I. It promotes expansion of employment opportunities. II. Poor and marginalized groups can benefit because additional State revenue can finance welfare and wider opportunity. Which assumptions are valid?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumptions
A passage says that a network of voluntary associations acts as a 'buffer' between the relatively powerless individual and a potentially powerful State. Which explanation best captures this idea?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Civil society
Consider: I. There exists a natural number whose number of factors remains unchanged after a 50% increase. II. There exists a natural number whose number of factors remains unchanged after a 150% increase. Which statements are correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Factors
Seven places are linked by roads AB, AC, CD, DE, BF, EG and FG. A is 6 km south of B; A is 10 km west of C; D is 5 km east of E; C is 6 km north of D; F is 9 km west of B; F is 12 km north of G. What distance is covered travelling from D to F along the available roads?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Spatial reasoning
In a code, 64 is written as 343 and 216 as 729. How is 512 written?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Coding pattern
What is the remainder when 9^3 + 9^4 + ... + 9^100 is divided by 6?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Numeracy, Basic Numeracy · Modular arithmetic
What is the smallest one-digit number with exactly four distinct factors? Statement I: 2 is one of its factors. Statement II: 3 is one of its factors. Which data-sufficiency option is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Data sufficiency
P,Q,R,S are distinct non-zero digits and PP × PQ = RRSS, with P≤3 and Q≤4. What is Q? Statement I: R=1. Statement II: S=2. Which data-sufficiency option is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Data sufficiency
How is Q related to P? Statement I: P has two sisters R and S. Statement II: R's father is the brother of Q. Which data-sufficiency option is correct?2025 · Prelims CSAT · Reasoning, Logical Reasoning · Blood relations
A passage on global food loss/waste asks which inferences follow: (1) distribution methods alone cause the waste; (2) land productivity is harmed; (3) reducing waste lowers the carbon footprint; (4) post-harvest loss-reduction technologies are unavailable.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same food-waste passage, assess assumptions: (1) food-distribution mechanisms need redesign to reduce losses; (2) reducing food waste is a social and moral responsibility of all citizens.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on inflation, interest rates and public debt asks which inferences follow: (1) central banks cannot sustainably reduce inflation without fiscal backing; (2) monetary-policy effects depend on government fiscal policy.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the inflation passage, assess assumptions: (1) fiscal policy alone causes higher prices; (2) higher prices do not affect long-term government bonds.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage argues that strong institutions reduce uncertainty in public decision-making. Which one of the following is the most logical implication?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What is the least possible number of straight cuts needed to divide a cube into 64 identical smaller cubes?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
In 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1, replace each * by +, − or ×, with each operator used at most twice. What is the smallest non-negative value obtainable?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A group can finish a job in 6k days. By what percentage must the workforce increase to finish the same job in 5k days?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
X, Y and Z can individually complete a job in 6, 8 and 8 hours. Only one may work in each hour and nobody may work two consecutive hours. What is the minimum completion time?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
How many consecutive zeroes occur at the end of 1^2 × 2^4 × 3^6 × … × 25^50?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Starting 1 January 2023, a person saves ₹1 and then ₹2 more each day than on the previous day. At the end of which date does cumulative saving become both a perfect square and a perfect cube?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage on systems-based urban planning asks for the most rational inference.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the urban-planning passage, assess assumptions: (1) India needs a new generation of professionals with modern urban-practice knowledge; (2) Indian universities have no capacity or potential to teach a systems approach.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on digital political discourse asks for its central idea.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the social-media passage, assess assumptions: (1) the Internet is not inclusive enough; (2) the Internet can adversely affect the quality of politics.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
222^333 + 333^222 is divisible by which combination?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
What percentage of water, relative to the quantity of honey, must be added so that selling the mixture at the honey cost price yields a 20% gain?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
What is the rightmost non-zero digit of 30^30?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
421 and 427 leave remainder 1 when divided by the same divisor. How many divisors can satisfy this?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
399 L of petrol and 532 L of diesel must be bottled separately in equal integer-litre bottle sizes with no remainder. How many bottle capacities are possible?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
For S=x+y+z, where x,y,z are distinct primes below 10, which are possible units digits: (1) 0; (2) 9; (3) 5?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage on weak foundational learning among class-8 students asks which assumptions are valid: (1) parents have a greater role than government in effective school education; (2) a uniform modern curriculum for the whole country can resolve the issues.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the school-learning passage, which statement best captures the central idea?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on science as a modern social enterprise asks what best reflects the author’s view.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Complete the patterned string A _ BCD _ BBCDABC _ DABC _ D. Which sequence fills the four blanks?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
P and Q are business partners. P invests ₹14,000 more than Q; P invests for 8 months and Q for 10 months. From a ₹2,000 profit, P receives ₹400 more than Q. What is P’s capital?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
P’s salary is 20% below Q’s, and Q’s is 20% below R’s. By what percentage is R’s salary greater than P’s?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A number is mistakenly divided by 4 instead of multiplied by 4. By what percentage does the obtained result differ from the correct result?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
In an exam, 80% pass English, 70% pass Hindi and 15% fail both. What percentage fail exactly one of the two subjects?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A father tells his son: “n years ago I was as old as you are now. My present age is four times your age n years ago.” If their present ages total 130 years, what is the difference between their ages?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Which unit equivalences are correct: (1) 1,000 litres=1 cubic metre; (2) 1 metric tonne=1,000 kg; (3) 1 hectare=10,000 square metres?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage on science and mankind asks which emphatic statements follow: (1) mankind could not have survived until today without science; (2) science will ultimately determine mankind’s destiny.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same passage, assess assumptions: (1) the horrors of modern life are an inevitable result of science; (2) a frequently overlooked truth is that science is what human beings have made of it.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on travel says prolonged exposure to other peoples teaches a crucial distinction. Which one?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same travel passage, assess assumptions: (1) travel promotes understanding among human beings; (2) travel helps discover fundamental common values; (3) a sufficiently experienced traveller can resolve differences among people.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Let X be a two-digit number and Y its digit-reversal. If X+Y=99, how many possible values can X take?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
The weight of 6 boys equals that of 7 girls, 3 men and 4 women. If the average woman weighs 63 kg, what is the average boy’s weight?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
How many times do the hour and minute hands coincide between 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. on the same day?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
The calendar for 2025 is identical to the calendar for which year?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Let p,q be distinct odd positive integers and r,s distinct even positive integers. Which parity statements are correct: (1) (p−r)^2(qs) is even; (2) (q−s)q^2s is even; (3) (q+r)^2(p+s) is odd?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
What is the smaller angle between the hands of a clock at 4:25?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage criticises conventional classroom education for privileging seat-time over competencies and using a one-size-fits-all model. Which inferences follow: (1) it focuses duration more than competency; (2) it follows a one-size-fits-all approach?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same classroom passage, assess assumptions: (1) because many workers are in the unorganised sector, conventional education need not change; (2) the present classroom system produces enough skilled workers for the demographic dividend.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on adolescence and parental conflict asks which assumptions are valid: (1) adolescents may feel uncomfortable because parents are dominating/assertive; (2) modern adolescents generally lack respect for parents.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What central idea best follows from the adolescence passage?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
How many times is the digit 5 used when numbering the pages of a 260-page book?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Find the sum of the first 28 terms of 1,1,2,1,3,2,1,4,3,2,1,5,4,3,2,…2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A person buys articles P,Q,R for ₹3,330. P costs 25% more than R and R costs 20% more than Q. What is the cost of P?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Two two-digit numbers AB and CD sum to the three-digit number 1CE, where A,B,C,D,E are distinct digits. What is A?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Three numbers x,y,z are selected from {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} such that x>2y>3z. How many ordered triplets satisfy this?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
The cost of 4 oranges, 6 mangoes and 8 apples equals twice the cost of 1 orange, 2 mangoes and 5 apples. Assess: (1) 3 oranges+5 mangoes+9 apples costs the same as the first basket; (2) one orange+one mango costs one apple.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage describes pumping CO2 dissolved in water into underground basalt, where it mineralises into carbonate rock. What is the most practical implication?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage says giant icebergs release nutrients that stimulate phytoplankton and can affect Southern-Ocean ecosystems. Assess assumptions: (1) giant icebergs can affect primary productivity and food chains; (2) their melting can have climate effects and influence world fisheries.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage describes caterpillar frass triggering plant defences against pathogens. What practical application is most logical?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
For the expression 32^5 + 2^27, which number must divide it?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Let positive integers p<q satisfy p+q=k. What is the smallest k for which p and q are not uniquely determined?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A person walks 100 m straight, turns left for 100 m, turns left again for 300 m, then turns right for 100 m. The final point is north-east of the starting point. In which direction did the person initially walk?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A person walks 100 m west, turns left and walks 100 m, then turns 225° clockwise. Which direction is the person now facing?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Statement: India is the world’s largest producer of milk. Conclusions: (1) India is necessarily the world’s largest milk exporter; (2) India therefore does not import milk or milk products. Which conclusion follows?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Data sufficiency: What are the natural-number values m and n? Statement I: m+n > mn and m>n. Statement II: mn=24.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Data sufficiency: What time is required to download a software file? Statement I: the file size is 12 MB. Statement II: the transfer rate is 2.4 KB per second.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage on democracy argues that inconvenient reality must remain visible in political speech, social assertion and deliberation, while responsible media should circulate reality without distortion. What best captures its central idea?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage discusses network-connected home devices and how manufacturers may compensate for thin margins by collecting personal data, sometimes without meaningful consent, to observe consumer behaviour. What practical message follows?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on green growth argues that resource-intensive growth must give way to efficient, resource-frugal development so that prosperity is environmentally sustainable and broadly shared. What best states the crux?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Data sufficiency: x and y are distinct natural numbers. Can their unique values be determined? Statement I: x/y is an odd integer. Statement II: xy = 12.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
A sum is distributed among X, Y and Z. Who received the least? Statement I: X received 4/5 of what Y and Z together received. Statement II: Y received 2/7 of what X and Z together received.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
Data sufficiency: The average marks in a class are 60. Can the number of students be determined? Statement I: highest marks are 70 and lowest are 50. Statement II: removing the highest and lowest marks does not change the average.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
There are three distinct prime numbers whose sum is also prime. Can the three numbers be uniquely identified? Statement I: their sum is less than 23. Statement II: one of them is 5.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
Data sufficiency: Is x+y an integer? Statement I: 2x+y is an integer. Statement II: x+2y is an integer.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
A person buys articles p, q and r for ₹50; q costs ₹16 and is the least expensive. What is the price of p? Statement I: p costs no more than r. Statement II: r costs no more than p.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
P, Q, R and S took a test. Can we determine whether P scored more than Q? Statement I: P+Q=R+S. Statement II: P+S>Q+R.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
A passage contrasts poetry with claims to absolute truth: poetry accepts plurality, contradiction and imperfection and stands against tyranny, hierarchy and arrogance. What is its most rational message?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage explains that flowers evolved petals and perfume to attract pollinating insects; human-perceived beauty is a by-product. Assumptions: (1) flowers are creations of Nature’s luxury; (2) flowers have no usefulness except beauty. Which assumptions are valid?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
P and Q each have a two-digit age between 10 and 100, and reversing the digits of P’s age gives Q’s age. Can their age difference be determined? Statement I: P is older than Q. Statement II: their age sum is 11/6 times their age difference.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
Main statement: Pradeep becomes either a Director or a Producer. P: he is a Director; Q: he is a Producer; R: he is not a Director; S: he is not a Producer. Which ordered implication pair(s) are logically consistent with the main statement?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
If the symbols are redefined simultaneously so that + means subtraction, − means multiplication, × means division and ÷ means addition, what is the value of 10 + 30 − 100 × 50 ÷ 25?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Symbolic Operations
Let P mean >, Q mean <, R mean “not greater than” (≤), S mean “not less than” (≥), and T mean =. Consider: (1) if 2x S 3y and 3x T 4z, then 9y P 8z; (2) if x Q 2y and y R z, then x R z. Which statements are correct?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
In a code, ABCD is written as 24 and EFGH as 1680. How is IJKL written?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-Decoding
In a code, POT becomes ATOP and TRAP becomes APART. How is ARENA written?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-Decoding
Find the missing term in the sequence 3, 14, 39, 84, *, 258.2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Series
Letters P, Q, R, S and T represent the numbers 4, 5, 10, 12 and 15 in an unknown order. If Q−S=2S and T=R+S+3, what is P+R−T?2024 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-Decoding
A passage on growing inter-State water stress asks for the most rational immediate step for fair allocation among competing users.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage links anaemia, tuberculosis and childhood malnutrition to productivity and future skill capacity. What is its main implication?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on small farmers and climate adaptation asks for its central message.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A box has 10 red pairs, 9 white pairs and 8 black pairs of shoes. In the worst case, how many shoes may need to be picked before obtaining a wearable red pair?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
In how many unordered ways can a batsman make exactly 25 runs using only singles, fours and sixes?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Four letters are randomly placed into four addressed envelopes. Consider: (1) exactly one letter can be wrongly placed; (2) there are six arrangements with exactly two letters correctly placed. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
What is the remainder when 85×87×89×91×95×96 is divided by 100?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
What is the units digit of (57242) raised to the product 9×7×5×3×1?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
ABC and DEF are 3-digit numbers using six distinct non-zero digits and ABC+DEF=1111. Find A+B+C+D+E+F.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
For a 3-digit number D, the ratio D/(sum of its digits) is minimal. What is the difference between its hundreds and units digits?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A climate-risk passage argues that waiting for uncertain future technology before cutting emissions is risky. Which message is strongest?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage contrasts collective inertia on environmental and personal-health choices. Which assumption is most reasonable?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage says poor diets, affordability and food-system failures drive malnutrition and NCDs. What is its crux?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Among five positive integers p,q,r,s,t, exactly three are even and two odd. Consider: (1) p+q+r−s−t is definitely even; (2) 2p+q+2r−2s+t is definitely odd. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
For prime p and composite c, consider whether (p+c)/(p−c) can be even, p+c can be odd, and pc can be odd. Which statements can hold?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A 3-digit number ABC multiplied by digit D gives 37DD; A,B,C,D are distinct non-zero digits. Find A+B+C.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
For any 3-digit block XYZ, the 6-digit number XYZXYZ is always divisible by which numbers?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
125 identical small cubes form a larger cube. How many are completely surrounded by other cubes?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
How many distinct arrangements of 11223344 have odd digits only in odd positions and even digits only in even positions?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A, B and C can finish work alone in 8,16 and 12 days and work one day each cyclically from Monday. Consider: (1) work finishes on Thursday; (2) it finishes in 10 days. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage criticises ad-hoc vehicle bans for urban air pollution and calls for continuous scientific source data. What implication follows?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage links strong corporate governance with disclosure, investor confidence and access to external finance. What follows?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage describes elephants creating clearings, dispersing seeds, enriching soil and providing water access. What is the best inference?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Given 7⊕9⊕10=8, 9⊕11⊕30=5 and 11⊕17⊕21=13 under the same rule, find 23⊕4⊕15.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
For positive integer x, 7x+96 is divisible by x. How many possible x values exist?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
For distinct positive single-digit p,q,r,s, what is the greatest value of (p+q)(r+s)?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
N consists of ninety-nine consecutive 9s. What remainder does N leave on division by 13?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A nine-digit number consisting only of 1s is squared. What is the sum of digits of the square?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
What is the sum of all digits appearing in every integer from 10 through 100 inclusive?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A train covers 360 km at an average speed of 60 km/h. If the average speed is increased by 20%, how much time is saved?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Numeracy
Six marked points lie on the four sides of a square: one each on two opposite sides and two each on the other two. How many distinct triangles use three of these points?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A municipal-waste passage discusses segregation, recycling and waste-to-energy. Assumptions: (1) all collection/processing/segregation should be government-run; (2) resource recovery is best handled by private technology firms. Which is valid?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same municipal-waste passage, what is the central practical message?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
An organic-farming passage notes weak regulation and unsafe misuse of some organic inputs. Assumptions: (1) organic farming is inherently unsafe; (2) farmers and consumers need education about eco-friendly food. Which is valid?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What is the most practical message of the organic-farming passage?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage links monoculture and loss of traditional foods to malnutrition. Which assumptions are valid: monoculture is inevitable for zero hunger; crop dependence harms health/ecosystems; food policy should include nutrition security; subsidies explain all crop-diversity choices?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A box contains 14 black, 20 blue, 26 green, 28 yellow, 38 red and 54 white balls. Consider two stated worst-case thresholds: 175 to force a full colour-group and 167 to force at least one of every colour. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
If the coding rule maps ZERO to CHUR, how is PLAYER coded?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Five age statements compare A,B,C,D,E,F. How many of the five statements are needed to determine the oldest person/persons?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A family has A,B,C,D,E. Given four statements about marriage, parentage and sibling relations, which information is sufficient to determine E’s relation to B?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Which number group differs from the others?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage says warmer, low-snow winters lengthen the “vernal window” and disrupt timing of birds and other ecological events. Assumptions: (1) global warming is making spring earlier/longer; (2) an earlier/longer spring is necessarily harmful to bird populations. Which is valid?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage notes that only about 40% of applied synthetic nitrogen enters crops while the rest causes air/water pollution. What is its key message?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A climate-justice passage discusses adaptation, loss and damage, resources, technology and support for victims. What is the most crucial message?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Principal P becomes Q in one year at nominal annual rate R compounded half-yearly, and also at annual rate S compounded once yearly. Which relation holds?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
How many natural-number divisors n make 1186 leave remainder 31 when divided by n?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Let pp, qq and rr denote repeated-digit 2-digit numbers with p<q<r and pp+qq+rr=tt0. Consider: (1) p has 5 possible values; (2) q has 6 possible values. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
What is the sum of all 4-digit numbers below 2000 formed from 1,2,3,4 without repetition?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
From 12 objects arranged on a circle, how many selections of 10 consecutive objects are possible when direction is clockwise?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
If today is Sunday, what weekday is the 10^10-th day from today?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Three traffic lights take 25, 39 and 60 seconds respectively for each green-to-red or red-to-green change. All turn green at 2:00 p.m. When next do all turn green together?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A passage says forest, wetland and pasture foods can supplement cultivated food and buffer crop failures. What is the central message?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage links untreated antibiotic-manufacturing effluent with drug-resistant bacteria. What is the most practical response?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage argues that foundational school skills are prerequisites for higher education, skills and a knowledge economy. What is its crux?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Forty children stand in a circle. Starting with child 1, the ring is passed with successively increasing jumps: 1→2, 2→4, 4→7, etc. After how many holders including child 1 does it return to child 1?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
In the sequence Z repeated twice, Y three times, X four times, W five times, and so on down to A, which letter occupies the middle term(s)?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Data sufficiency: Is p>q? Statement 1: pq>0. Statement 2: p²>q². Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Data sufficiency: Is p+q−r greater than p−q+r? Statement 1: p−q>0. Statement 2: p−r<0. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
At a party 75 took tea, 60 coffee, 15 both, nobody taking milk takes tea, and everyone took at least one drink. To find total attendance, Statement 1 says 50 took milk; Statement 2 says attendance is five times the number taking milk only. Which is sufficient?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Data sufficiency for an unknown 3-digit number: Statement 1 says sum of digits equals product; Statement 2 says number is divisible by its digit sum. Can the number be determined?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Five children have ages a<b<c<d<e with successive differences of 2 years. Find a. Statement 1: e=3a. Statement 2: average age is 8. Which is sufficient?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage on the paradox of choice says abundant options, constant connectivity and information overload can increase anxiety and indecision. What is the main message?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage on financialising Indian household savings identifies bureaucracy, distrust and lack of information. Which implied solutions fit: flexible environment; customised household solutions; fintech innovation?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A pharmaceutical-patent passage discusses innovation incentives versus unaffordable medicine. Which assumptions are valid: (1) patent prices burden purchasing power; (2) foreign dependence is the key burden; (3) affordability is irrelevant to policy; (4) governments must balance patentee and patient interests?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage argues that data protection and user control are necessary for a healthy digital economy. Assumptions: privacy has economic value; privacy and innovation are fundamentally linked. Which is valid?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Four papers each carry 100 marks and scores are integers. In how many different ordered score combinations can a student obtain exactly 99% overall?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A flag has four horizontal strips using red, green and yellow, with adjacent strips never the same colour. How many designs are possible?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A 4 m × 2.2 m floor is tiled with non-overlapping 1.4 m × 0.6 m rectangles, edges parallel to floor edges and either orientation allowed. What maximum number fits?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Five persons P,Q,R,S,T receive five distinct tasks. Neither P nor Q may take Task 1; Task 2 must go to R or S. How many assignments are possible?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Unlimited coins weigh 2,5,10,25 and 50 g. Consider: (1) buying exactly 78 g requires at least 7 coins; (2) weighing 78 g can be done with fewer than 7 coins. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Symbols mean: A+B=>, A−B=≤, A×B=≥, A÷B= Q.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage says measured unemployment among young educated Indians partly reflects rising enrolment and willingness to wait for suitable jobs. What is the author’s point?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage argues science and government both need philosophy to coordinate knowledge toward proper goals. What practical message follows?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A passage says the State exists not to dominate or frighten people but to let them live securely and exercise free reason. What term best captures its ultimate goal?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What is the remainder when 2^192 is divided by 6?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Complete the patterned sequence ABC__ABC_DABBCD_ABCD with four missing letters.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
AB and CD are two-digit numbers; AB×CD=DEF and DEF+GHI=975. All nine letters are distinct digits, with E=0 and F=8. Find A+B+C.2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Five candidates P,Q,R,S,T satisfy: exactly one of P,Q was selected; it is false that at least one of R,S was selected; at most two of R,S,T were selected. Conclusions: (1) at least four were selected; (2) S was selected. Which follows?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Statements satisfy: if P then Q and S; if R and S then not T. Conclusions: (1) if T is true, at least one of P and R must be false; (2) if Q is true, P is true. Which follows?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A 7×5×3 cuboid is painted with a different colour on each pair of opposite faces and cut into 1 cm cubes. Statements: (1) exactly 15 cubes have no paint; (2) exactly 6 cubes have exactly a blue and green face. Which is correct?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Arrange the letters of INCOMPREHENSIBILITIES in reverse alphabetical order. How many letter positions remain unchanged from the original word?2023 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage argues that fossil-fuel-dependent production and finite resources make present development patterns unsustainable. Which factors are identified as causes: (1) heavy dependence on fossil fuels; (2) limited resources; (3) expansion of recycling?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—sustainable development
According to the same passage, developed countries can help developing countries move toward sustainable human development through: (1) cheaper access to clean energy; (2) concessional support for public transport; (3) encouraging more sustainable production and consumption. Which option is accepted?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—sustainable development
A passage warns that deforestation and land denudation can intensify erosion and dry up perennial streams. Which outcomes follow: (1) depletion of soil resources; (2) shortage of land for the common person; (3) lack of water for cultivation?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—deforestation
Find the next term in the sequence 20, 10, 10, 15, 30, 75, X.2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number series
An ID uses each of the digits 1,2,4,5,7,8,9 once. Successively deleting digits from the right leaves numbers divisible by 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2 respectively, while the original is divisible by 9. Which value can be the sum of its middle three digits?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Divisibility puzzle
Two runners move together 50 m. X then turns right for 60 m and later left for 50 m; Y turns left for 40 m and later right for 50 m. How far apart are they at the end?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction & displacement
Which of the following dates in June 2099 falls on a Sunday?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
A ₹1,840 bill is paid using exactly 50 notes of ₹50, ₹20 and ₹10. Test these claims: (1) exactly 25 notes are ₹50; (2) exactly 35 notes are ₹20; (3) exactly 20 notes are ₹10. Which claims are not possible?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear equations—currency notes
Which is the smallest among 2^40, 3^21, 4^18 and 8^12?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Exponents & comparison
Digits 1–9 are used exactly once to form three 3-digit numbers, where the second is twice the first and the third is three times the first. If the first number uses exactly three of digits 2,3,7,9, how many valid arrangements exist?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit arrangement
A passage compares administration of a State with skilled professions such as medicine and shoemaking, questioning the assumption that winning votes alone proves administrative competence. Which message is accepted?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage message—political competence
Why does a passage criticize India's conventional poverty-counting methodology?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—poverty
Why is income poverty only one way of identifying the poor?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—multidimensional poverty
In the passage's terminology, what does 'poverty of a life' mean?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage concept—capability poverty
X and Y run a 3 km race on a 300 m circular track at speeds in the ratio 3:2, starting together in the same direction. How many times does the faster runner overtake the slower one before finishing?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Circular track—relative speed
If the alphabet is reversed so A maps to Z, B to Y, and so on, how is LUCKNOW encoded?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-decoding
A single-elimination chess tournament has 150 entrants and no draws. How many matches are played to determine one winner?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting—tournament
How many three-digit numbers with no repeated digit have all digits odd and are divisible by 5?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting digits
Data sufficiency: Is x an integer? Statement 1: x/3 is not an integer. Statement 2: 3x is an integer. Which assessment is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—number properties
A price rises by 25%, then falls by 20%, and then rises by 10%. What is the net increase over the original price?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Successive percentages
A passage says farm productivity has plateaued in places, climate change may reduce suitable land, and technologies developed in richer countries need local adaptation. Are these assumptions valid: (1) agricultural technology development is confined to developed countries; (2) agricultural technology is not adapted in developing countries?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage assumptions—agricultural technology
From the same agriculture passage, evaluate: (1) poorer countries need improvement in existing farming techniques; (2) developed countries necessarily waste less food because their infrastructure is better. Which assumption is valid?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage assumptions—farming practices
The agriculture passage implies which assumption: (1) producing enough food for future humanity will be challenging; (2) corporate farming is the required solution for food security in poor countries?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage assumptions—food security
Letters A, B, C, D and E are arranged so that exactly two letters lie between A and E. How many arrangements are possible?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Permutations—letter arrangement
Data sufficiency: Is Z the brother of X? Statement 1: X is brother of Y and Y is brother of Z. Statement 2: X, Y and Z are siblings. Which assessment is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—family relation
Along one side of a 1.01 km road, 101 plants are placed at equal intervals including the endpoints. What is the distance from the first to the fifth consecutive plant?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Uniform spacing
There are 3 direct roads A–B, 4 direct roads B–C and 3 direct roads A–C. How many ways can one travel from A to C either directly or via B?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting routes
A gives B half his coins plus 2. B then gives C half his coins plus 2, and C gives D half his coins plus 2. D ends with the smallest two-digit number. How many coins did A initially have?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reverse arithmetic
In the concatenated pattern A, AB, ABC, ABCD, ABCDE, ... what letter occupies the 100th position?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Alphabet series
A, B and C stand somewhere in a queue. Four people are between A and B, seven between B and C, 11 are ahead of C and 13 are behind A. What is the minimum possible queue length?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Queue arrangement
A passage on evolution says natural selection cannot anticipate future environments. Which statements capture why: (1) inadequately prepared species may go extinct; (2) all existing species will become extinct because genomes cannot handle biological mishaps; (3) genomic inability to handle change can cause extinction; (4) extinction is a recurring feature of evolution?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—evolution
Why does the passage say Darwinian evolution is 'not a theory at all' in the colloquial sense?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage interpretation—evolution
From the evolution passage, which assumptions are valid: (1) only species able to withstand environmental challenges will persist; (2) over 90% of species currently on Earth are at imminent risk of extinction; (3) Darwin's theory explains every natural phenomenon?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage assumptions—evolution
A passage links rising affluence to protein-rich diets and greater use of energy-consuming devices, both of which increase water demand. What is its central implication for India?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage crux—water demand
How many seconds are contained altogether in x weeks, x days, x hours, x minutes and x seconds?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Unit conversion—time
P, Q, R, S, T and U form a family. R is Q's spouse; U is mother of T and S; T is P's daughter; P is R's son; and there are two couples. Which stated grandparent/gender relationship is certain?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Family relation
Data sufficiency: City Q is 18 km from R and city P is 43 km from R. Can the distance between P and Q be determined?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—distance
Syllogism: All pens are books; no chair is a pen. Conclusions include all chairs are books, some chairs are pens, all books are chairs, and no chair is a book. What necessarily follows?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
Syllogism: Some doctors are teachers; all teachers are engineers; all engineers are scientists. Which conclusions follow: I some scientists are doctors; II all engineers are doctors; III some engineers are doctors?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
Eight people A–H sit around a circular table facing inward. B and D are neither adjacent nor opposite C; A sits between E and D; F sits between B and H. Which listed relationship is definitely true?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Circular seating
A passage says excessive labour leaves people too exhausted for serious leisure, self-improvement and spiritual activity. What central idea does it express?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage crux—overwork
According to that passage, why does the overworked person fail to pursue self-improvement?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—leisure
When a demographic dividend begins, which outcomes are inevitable: (1) illiteracy declines; (2) the relative share of the very young and very old falls for a time; (3) population growth quickly stabilizes?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—demographic dividend
From the demographic-dividend passage, evaluate: (1) a demographic dividend is essential for any rapid rise in economic growth; (2) promotion of higher education is essential for rapid growth. Which inference is justified?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—growth
P and Q together buy 21 notebooks, Q buys 5 fewer than P, P buys 5 more than X, X and Y together buy 28, and Z buys 8 more than X. At ₹40 each, what is the total cost?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Simultaneous equations
A driver leaves home at 14:30. The village clock reads 15:15 on arrival. After 25 village-clock minutes, he returns by a route 1.25 times as long at twice the outward speed and reaches home at 16:00. Relative to the home clock, how is the village clock set?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time-speed & clock error
A receives twice B's pens, three times C's, four times D's, five times E's and six times F's. What is the minimum total number of pens if every child must receive an even number?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & ratios
Six people A–F sit around a circular table. B is opposite C, D opposite E, and F is immediately left of B. Can the person immediately left of A be determined from these statements?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—seating
Data sufficiency: Manisha is 24 years younger than her mother. Five years later their ages are in the ratio 3:5. Which information suffices to determine Manisha's age?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—ages
Six one-hour lectures A–F are scheduled consecutively from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. F is immediately preceded by A and followed by C; B is the final lecture. Can the third-period lecture be uniquely identified?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—scheduling
A passage argues that machine productivity may create more leisure, but a leisured population needs education both for useful knowledge and for intelligent enjoyment. Which conclusions are accepted?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—education & leisure
A passage asks why presents often thrill adults less than children and suggests abundance, loss of joy in giving/receiving, excessive caution and anxiety. Which statement is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—joy
What habit does that passage criticize most directly?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage crux—present-mindedness
Let A, B and C be distinct non-zero digits. Let x be the sum of all six three-digit numbers formed using A, B and C once each. Evaluate: (1) the smallest four-digit possible x is 1332; (2) the largest three-digit possible x is 888.2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit permutations & sums
A 3-digit PIN uses distinct digits from 1–7 in decreasing order, with every pair differing by at least 2. What is the maximum number of attempts required to guarantee finding the PIN?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinations with restrictions
Eight equally spaced points lie on a circle. How many right triangles can be formed using these points if one side must be a diameter?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Circle geometry & counting
24 men and 12 women can finish a job in 30 days. How long would 12 men and 24 women take?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Work-rate data sufficiency
What is the remainder when 91×92×93×94×95×96×97×98×99 is divided by 1261?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Remainders & factorization
For a 20 cm × 8 cm rectangle, consider: (1) it can be cut exactly into four square pieces; (2) it can be divided into ten triangles of equal area. Which is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry—area partition
If adding 70% of x to y makes 165% of y, and adding 60% of x to z makes 165% of z, which ordering is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percent equations
A passage says people who fail to accumulate sufficient money are often easily influenced by newspapers, neighbours and other people's opinions. What is necessarily implied?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—independent judgment
What is the main practical message of that passage about opinions?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage crux—independent thinking
A passage states that social order is a sacred right underlying other rights, but that this order is founded on conventions rather than nature. Evaluate: (1) conventions are the source of human rights; (2) human rights can be exercised only within a social order.2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—social order & rights
In a two-candidate election, 80% of registered voters vote, all votes are valid, and X receives 56% of votes cast. If X wins by 1,440 votes, how many registered voters are there?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Election arithmetic—percentages
What is the smallest integer greater than 1000 that leaves remainder 3 when divided by each of 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & remainders
Let p be a two-digit number and q its digit reversal. If p×q=2430, what is |p−q|?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit reversal
Let p be prime and q composite. Which can occur: (1) p×q is odd; (2) q/p is prime; (3) p+q is prime?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Prime/composite properties
Consider clock-hand claims: (1) hour and minute hands coincide between 3:16 and 3:17; (2) minute and second hands coincide between 4:58 and 4:59. Which is correct?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Clock hands
Container X has 100 ml milk and Y has 100 ml water. Transfer 20 ml milk X→Y, mix, then transfer 20 ml mixture Y→X. If m is the amount/proportion of milk remaining in X and n the corresponding water remaining in Y, how do they compare?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Mixtures
A household pie chart assigns angles B=90°, C=50°, D=45° and E=75°. What percentage of total expenditure belongs to the remaining item A?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Pie chart
A passage argues that even apparently trivial scientific research may later supply useful facts for a talented investigator, unlike some merely rearranged literary/historical work. What does the author assume about scientific research?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage assumption—scientific research
According to the same passage, how should one view a scientific research result in relation to a capable investigator?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage inference—research value
A passage notes India receives roughly three-fourths of annual precipitation during about 120 monsoon days and too little during the rest of the year. What is the most durable response to both floods and droughts?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage application—water management
If 15! = 3^m × n for positive integer n, what is the maximum possible m?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Prime factor exponent
Find X in 2, 12, 36, 80, 150, X.2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number series
A password uses exactly one non-zero digit, one capital vowel and one capital consonant, must start with the vowel and end with the consonant. How many passwords are possible?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting principle
Nine cups are arranged in a 3×3 grid; six contain coffee and three tea. In how many arrangements does every row contain at least one coffee cup?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinations—grid arrangement
For three consecutive integers, the sum equals their product. How many integer triples satisfy this?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Integer equations
How many decimals of the form 0.XY exist when X and Y are distinct non-zero digits?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting digits
Average weight of A,B,C is 40 kg; average of B,D,E is 42 kg; and F weighs exactly as much as B. What is the average weight of all six people?2022 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Averages
A passage argues that when people judge only their own religious denomination nothing seems wrong, but mutual judgment between denominations makes every faith appear wrong. What is the most logical assumption?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A passage says unrest and law-breaking arise more from a badly ordered state than innate wickedness, and citizens must be formed through sound laws. Which inference follows best?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A passage treats equal civic standing as a basic democratic norm. Which assumptions are valid: 1 equality enables confident participation in social transactions; 2 inequality necessarily destroys democracy; 3 equal standing is unrealizable; 4 equality should enter everyday values and political vocabulary?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
Plato's passage describes aristocracy, oligarchy and democracy each deteriorating when its own governing principle is carried to excess. What is the crux?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
In a group of 120 people, 80 are Indians and 40 foreigners; 70 people speak English. What can be said about the number of Indians who speak English?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets & counting
Using three distinct non-zero digits that are multiples of 3, form all possible three-digit numbers and let their sum be S. Is S always divisible by 74 and/or 9?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Divisibility & permutations
Class A has 25 students with scores from 17 to 21; Class B has 30 students with scores from 22 to 30. Four students move from A to B. Which is certain: 1 B's average decreases; 2 A's average increases?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Averages
Data sufficiency: Priya is four ranks below Seema and 31st from bottom; alternatively Ena is two ranks above Seema and 37th from bottom. In a class of 40, which information suffices to find Seema's rank from top?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—ranking
Data sufficiency: A and D are each heavier than B, E and F but neither is the heaviest. A is heavier than D but lighter than C. Who is heaviest among A, B, C, D and E?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—ordering
Reverse each successive block of four letters in the English alphabet and interchange Y and Z at the end. What is the fourth letter to the right of the 13th letter in the transformed sequence?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Alphabet series
A passage presents India's energy and climate choices as involving fuel production, access, imports, pricing, governance, environment, efficiency, transport and renewables. What is its critical message?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Critical message
A passage warns that feeding antibiotics to livestock as growth promoters can create resistant superbugs, while countries eliminating such use can still maintain production. What is the best message?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Critical message
A passage attributes high food prices to fuel, weather, land diversion and rising demand from populous emerging economies. Which assumptions are valid: 1 oil-producing countries cause high food prices; 2 a future food crisis will occur specifically in emerging economies?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
A passage describes GDP growth as central to development economics because it can create employment, investment and resources for a better life. Are these assumptions valid: 1 rising GDP is essential for being developed; 2 rising GDP guarantees reasonable income distribution?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
Seven books P–V have attributes of colour, age and subject. R, Q and T are blue; only S and U are new; P, R and S are law reports, the rest gazetteers. Which are old gazetteers with blue covers?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set intersection
In the sequence 3,2,7,4,13,10,21,18,31,28,43,40 the odd and even positions should follow analogous difference patterns. Which term should replace the incorrect one?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number series
A 3×3 alpha-numeric matrix follows row-wise numeric and cyclic letter patterns: row1 7B,10A,3C; row2 3C,9B,6A; row3 10A,13C,?. What is missing?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Matrix pattern
Two sequences use the same successive multipliers. If 8,4,6,15,52.5,… corresponds to 5,A,B,C,D,…, what is C?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number pattern
X and Y start 15 km apart and walk toward each other. X walks constantly at 1.5 km/h; Y walks 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2 km/h in successive hours. Are these correct: 1 they meet after 5 hours; 2 they meet halfway?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed, time & distance
A student scores across six equal-maximum papers in the ratio 5:6:7:8:9:10 and has an overall 60%. In how many papers is the score below 60% of the maximum?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratios & averages
A passage explains that fig trees can support frugivores when other food is scarce and may foster seedlings of other trees. Which assumptions are valid: 1 figs can act as keystone species; 2 they grow where no other woody species can; 3 sacred trees can aid biodiversity conservation; 4 figs can support seed dispersal of other trees?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
An agroecology passage emphasizes mimicking natural ecosystems, closing nutrient loops, intercropping and integrating trees, livestock and crops. Which practices are compatible as implied: 1 cover crops; 2 fertigation; 3 hydroponics; 4 mixed farming; 5 polyculture; 6 vertical farming?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Agroecology inference
A passage notes that computers increasingly control physical systems such as cars, medical devices and infrastructure, while connected devices may be no more trustworthy than desktops. What is the most critical inference?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A passage links infectious disease control to personal hygiene plus clean water, sanitation, food security and community conditions. Which assumptions are valid: 1 personal-hygiene enthusiasts ignore community hygiene; 2 personal cleanliness prevents multidrug resistance; 3 market entry itself raises infection risk; 4 micro-level interventions alone are insufficient; 5 community hygiene through public health is crucial?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
Logic: Some cats are cupboards; some cupboards are chairs; all chairs are tables. Conclusions: I certainly some cupboards are tables; II some cats may not be chairs. Which follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
A ball is dropped from 1.5 m and rebounds to four-fifths of its previous height. It ceases bouncing once the preceding rebound height falls below 50 cm. How many times does it hit the ground before stopping?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometric decay
Capital consonants of the English alphabet are viewed in a vertical mirror. How many have mirror images that do not look like the original letter?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Mirror images
A woman drives 10 km south, 20 km east, 40 km north, 5 km east and 30 km south. What is the shortest distance from her final position to her start?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction & displacement
How many integers from 700 through 1000 have digit sum equal to 10?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit counting
A woman runs 12 km north, 6 km south and then 8 km east. Relative to the start, in which direction is she?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction sense
A grassland-lighting experiment found that low-intensity amber artificial light inhibited flowering of a food plant and reduced aphid abundance. What is the most critical inference?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A passage says most flowering plants depend on animal pollination and effective pollination requires refuges of natural vegetation. Which assumptions are valid: 1 cereal production is impossible without diverse animal pollinators; 2 horticultural monoculture necessarily harms insects; 3 pollinators become scarce in cultivated landscapes lacking natural vegetation; 4 insect diversity can support plant diversity?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
A climate study of the Cauvery basin projects rising temperatures, fewer rainy days, more runoff, less recharge and more drought, increasing farmers' groundwater dependence. What is the crux?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
Researchers use embryonic stem cells and biochemical assays to assess BPA toxicity during cell differentiation. Which assumptions are valid: 1 BPA may alter embryonic development in vivo; 2 such assays directly identify treatments for pollution-induced diseases; 3 embryonic stem cells can model physiological effects of pollutants?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
What is the remainder when 3^2019 is divided by 10?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Remainders
The number 3798125P369 is divisible by 7. Which digit P satisfies the condition?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Divisibility
In 2021 petrol costs 80+0.1m rupees/litre on day m for m≤100 and then remains fixed; diesel costs 69+0.15n on day n all year. On what date are the prices equal?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear equations & calendar
An animal population is 50 at the start of 2021 and is predicted to double every 12 years. Which equation models population P after n years?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Exponential growth
In a class, 60% are Indian and 50% are girls. If 30% of Indian students are girls, what percentage of foreign students are boys?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Logic: Some radios are mobiles; all mobiles are computers; some computers are watches. Conclusions: I certainly some radios are watches; II certainly some mobiles are watches. Which follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
A passage observes that historic exploration—from Silk Road trade to ocean voyages—was driven strongly by the search for resources and markets. Which statement best sums it up?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
A passage says most people condemn deliberate lies except where truth may cause greater harm, and notes that even truthful people use words containing some deliberate falsehood. What idea is highlighted in the first part?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
From the same passage on semantic lies, which habit is said to occur more often even among generally truthful or good people?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A body-composition pie chart has water 70% and protein 16%; the remaining dry elements are 14%. If p represents protein plus other dry elements, what central angle represents p?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Pie chart & percentage
Joseph visits a club every 5th day, Harsh every 24th day and Sumit every 9th day. If they meet on Sunday, on which weekday do they next all meet?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & calendar
A two-digit number differs from the number obtained by reversing its digits by 54. Which statements are correct: 1 the digit sum can be determined only if their product is known; 2 the difference between the digits can be determined?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digits & equations
X tells Y: at the time of your birth I was twice your present age. X is now 42. Are these correct: 1 eight years ago X was five times Y's age; 2 after fourteen years X will be twice Y's age?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ages
An article's price falls by 20% and the reduced price then rises by 25%. What is the net percentage change from the original?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
A positive integer multiplied by 7 produces a number consisting entirely of digit 1s. What is the smallest such integer among the choices?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number properties
A worker completes 7/8 of a job in 21 days. If the total amount of work is then treated as 50% greater than the original job, how many additional days are needed from that point?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Work & time
A passage discusses tension between markets and democracy: markets allocate resources efficiently but can leave people without demanded skills or employment. Which assumptions are valid: 1 welfare democracies depend on markets alone; 2 markets ensure enough growth for effective democracy; 3 government programmes are needed for people left behind?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from passage
A passage criticizes schooling that transmits academic content but insufficiently prepares students to question, confront caste/gender/famine issues and handle the ideological freedom of university. What is the central idea?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
Points P, Q and R lie on one straight line with PQ:QR=3:5. How many distinct possible values can PQ:PR take as their order on the line varies?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratios & geometry
On a standard chessboard, in how many ways can six consecutive squares be selected along one of the two full diagonals, staying on a straight diagonal path?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Counting
Fill the six blanks in the letter series _b_a_ba_b_abab_aab so that the full series follows a consistent repeating order.2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Letter series
Using exactly the multiset of digits 2,2,3,3,3, how many distinct five-digit numbers greater than 30000 can be formed?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Permutations with repetition
Which statements are possible: 1 five consecutive integers can sum to 100; 2 the product of three consecutive natural numbers can equal their sum?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number properties
A cube-shaped vessel of side 1 metre is completely filled with water. Ignoring wall thickness, how many millilitres does it contain?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Units & volume
Six people stand in a row. A seventh person must shake hands with exactly three of them, with no two selected people consecutive in the row. How many combinations are possible?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinations
Money is divided among A, B and C in the ratio p:q:r. Consider: 1 A definitely gets the largest share if p>q+r; 2 C definitely gets the smallest share if r<p+q. Which is correct?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratios & inequalities
A passage describes top universities using flipped classrooms, sharing high-quality video lectures freely and encouraging other institutions to integrate them into local teaching. What is the central idea?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
A passage says Indian cities face climate vulnerability from dense populations and inadequate infrastructure and must address air quality, transport and citizen participation. What is the most rational inference?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
Jay and Vijay spend equal amounts at the same shop. Jay buys 3 pens and 5 pencils; Vijay buys 2 pens and 7 pencils. What follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear equations
P scores 40 marks more than Q. Q's score is 10% less than P's. What is Q's score?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages & equations
X, Y and Z have money. If Y gives X Rs 40, Y then has half as much as Z; if Z gives X Rs 40, all three have equal amounts. What is their total money?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Simultaneous equations
In a code, MATHEMATICS becomes LBSIDNZUHDR by alternately shifting letters backward and forward by one. How is CHEMISTRY coded?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-decoding
At which time range are the hour and minute hands exactly 180° apart around 7 o'clock?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Clock problems
A test has 90 questions. A correct answer earns 5 marks and a wrong answer loses 2 marks. A student attempts all questions and scores 387. How many answers are wrong?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Scores & equations
In the alphametic addition 3P + 4P + PP + PP = RQ2, with P,Q,R distinct digits, what is the arithmetic mean of all possible sums?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Alphametic arithmetic
In the alphametic multiplication PQ × 3 = RQQ, with P,Q,R distinct and R non-zero, what is (P+R)/Q?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Alphametic arithmetic
A political-philosophy passage says that in a natural condition each person judges good and bad by private advantage, whereas common notions of right and wrong arise in civil society through shared law. What is the central idea?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Crux of passage
A passage on technology, cross-border economic activity and geopolitical uncertainty implies which propositions: 1 excessive globalization is always against national interest; 2 technology increasingly blurs economic borders; 3 innovation and capital constrain traditional state domains; 4 every country should build wholly domestic supply chains; 5 geopolitics must cope with ambiguity and uncertainty?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Implications from passage
A passage says IBC resolution and bank recapitalization can help NPAs but cannot by themselves prevent reckless lending; future credit cycles need deeper systemic changes. What practical suggestion follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inference from passage
A passage states that monetary and fiscal policy cannot independently achieve macroeconomic welfare without active support from each other. What corollary follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Corollary from passage
Four batsmen have runs/balls faced: A 75/175, B 55/97, C 35/125, D 25/105. Who scores fastest?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratios & data interpretation
In a village, half own houses, one-fifth cultivate paddy, one-third are literate and four-fifths are under 25. Which statement must be true?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set overlap
Data sufficiency: Statement 1 says the last day of a month is Wednesday; Statement 2 says the third Saturday is the 17th. What day is the 14th?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data sufficiency—calendar
What day of the week is 10 October 2027?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
Logic: Some greens are blues; some blues are blacks. Conclusions: 1 some greens are blacks; 2 no green is black; 3 all greens are black; 4 all blacks are green. Which conclusion set necessarily follows?2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
Find X in the sequence 2, 7, 22, 67, 202, X, 1822.2021 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number series
In a digit-substitution addition puzzle, the same unknown digit appears repeatedly. Testing the four possible digits 2, 3, 4 and 5, the arithmetic is satisfied only when the repeated symbol represents which digit?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit Arithmetic
Using straight measuring sticks of lengths 7.5 feet and 3.25 feet, what is the smallest length that can be measured exactly by repeated combinations of these lengths?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · HCF & Measurement
The sequence 14, 18, 20, 24, 30, 32, ... becomes a sequence of prime numbers after applying the same simple operation to each term. What is the next term?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Series
A booklet is numbered consecutively from page 1. One physical sheet/page carrying two consecutive page numbers is torn out, and the sum of all remaining page numbers is 195. Which two page numbers were removed?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic Series
Complete the missing letters in the pattern: abab_b_bcb_dcdcded_d.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Letter Series
A3BC and DE2F are four-digit numbers in which A,B,C,D,E,F are distinct digits greater than 3. Their sum is 15902. What is the absolute difference between A and D?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit Puzzle
Data sufficiency: S1—no page of a 51-page book contains more than two figures. S2—every page contains at least one figure. Can it be determined whether the book contains more than 100 figures?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency
In one class, girls average 9 marks and boys average 8 marks while the combined average is 8.8. In another test with the same boys:girls ratio, girls average 8 and boys 7. What is the new combined average?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Weighted Average
A two-generation family has P,Q,R,S,T,U, with three males and three females, two married couples and two unmarried siblings. U is P’s daughter; Q is R’s mother-in-law; T is an unmarried male; S is male. Which statement is correct?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Blood Relations
If 12 January is a Sunday in a particular year, which statement is correct?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
A man walks 25 m behind his east-facing house, turns right and walks 50 m, then turns left and walks another 25 m. In which direction is he from the starting point?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction Sense
Statements: all numbers under consideration are divisible by 2 and all are divisible by 3. Conclusions: I all are divisible by 6; II all are divisible by 4. Which conclusion follows?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogistic Number Reasoning
Statement: all cats are black. Conclusions: I all dogs are black; II some dogs are not black. Which conclusion follows if only the statement is used?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
In the sequence 5,1,4,7,3,9,8,5,7,2,6,3,1,5,8,6,3,8,5,2,2,4,3,4,9,6, how many odd entries are immediately followed by another odd entry?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sequence Analysis
A is 16th from the left in a row. V is 18th from the right. Q is 11 places to the right of A and 3 places to the right of V. How many boys are in the row?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking & Position
Data sufficiency: S1 C is younger than D but older than A and B. S2 D is oldest. S3 A is older than B. Which information is sufficient to identify the youngest among A,B,C,D?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency - Ordering
How many integers from 1 to 100 contain the digit 4 but are not divisible by 4?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Properties
Two metallic cubes P and Q have side lengths in the ratio 1:2 and masses in the ratio 1:2. If their densities are u and v respectively, what relation holds?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio - Density & Volume
The average age of one teacher and three equal-aged students is 20 years. The teacher is 20 years older than each student. What is the teacher’s age?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ages & Average
A car is sold for ₹3,00,000 at a loss of 20%. What was its purchase price?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Profit & Loss
Passage: Workers leaving agriculture are moving largely into construction and informal manufacturing, while services are not creating enough additional jobs; health and education could fill much of the remaining employment gap. What is the best implication?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: In a digital society, rights such as privacy and free expression require the State not only to abstain from interference but also to prevent private actors from blocking those rights. Assumptions: I the State needs institutions to discharge this role; II the State should prevent private actors from violating privacy; III a digital economy is incompatible with privacy. Which are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Water policy often treats water separately from rivers and wetlands, and engineering tends to augment supply rather than strengthen ecological systems. What is the most logical inference?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: No asset is risk-free, but extreme losses across jobs, homes, banks, bonds, governments and companies are unlikely to occur simultaneously. What investment suggestion is best implied?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Future GM crops are likely to combine multiple traits; biotechnology regulation must consider socioeconomic effects, climate mitigation/adaptation, trade policy and international obligations. Assumptions: 1 regulation must evolve; 2 public participation is needed; 3 socioeconomic factors should enter decisions; 4 wider political-executive involvement helps address trade and treaty obligations. Which combination is valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Using the same biotechnology passage, what best captures its crux?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Crux
How many trailing zeroes are in the product 1×5×10×15×20×25×30×35×40×45×50×55×60?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System - Trailing Zeroes
Let XYZ be a three-digit number with x+y+z not divisible by 3. The sum XYZ+YZX+ZXY is definitely not divisible by which quantity?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System - Divisibility
Natural numbers p,q,r,s satisfy p−2016 = q+2017 = r−2018 = s+2019. Which is largest?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebraic Comparison
How many five-digit prime numbers can be formed by using each of the digits 1,2,3,4,5 exactly once?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System - Prime Numbers
Passage: Foreign private investment is volatile and cannot reliably carry the burden of job creation; technology transfer may also fail where domestic physical and human capital are weak. Assumptions: 1 long-term dependence on foreign investment is unsound; 2 policy should reduce the inherent volatility of foreign investment; 3 domestic private investment should be strengthened; 4 public investment should always take priority over private investment; 5 substantial public investment in education and health is needed. Which are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: India’s monsoon water is highly seasonal; much river flow remains unutilised and reaches the sea while droughts and floods coexist. Which are the most rational practical implications? 1 interlink rivers; 2 build a network of dams and canals; 3 subsidise borewells; 4 legally regulate farm-water use; 5 let the Union regulate all interregional river distribution.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: People invest more in education when economic freedom lets them retain the additional income generated by education; higher taxation of that extra income weakens the incentive. Assumptions: 1 lower tax rates invariably encourage greater higher-education investment; 2 investing in children’s education guarantees economic freedom; 3 economic freedom positively builds human capital. Which is valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Sustainable urban water supply requires costly source development, treatment, distribution, sewerage and sewage treatment; most cities cannot finance the full system themselves. What is the crucial message?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the urban-water passage, consider assumptions: 1 only rich cities can ensure sustainable water delivery; 2 sustainable water delivery involves more than simply supplying water to households. Which is valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: India’s poverty reduction accelerated when agricultural relative prices improved, private farm investment rose, agricultural GDP grew faster, trade surplus increased and real farm wages rose. Assumptions: 1 rural transformation is impossible with mainly small farms; 2 good price incentives can trigger farm investment; 3 high-value value chains are necessary; 4 higher global agricultural prices are important for poverty reduction. Which are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Using the same agriculture-and-poverty passage, what is its critical message?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Crux
Data sufficiency: S1 R is greater than both P and Q. S2 S is not the largest. Which information is sufficient to identify the largest among P,Q,R,S?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency - Comparison
Data sufficiency: S1 n is prime. S2 n leaves remainder 1 when divided by 4. If n is a natural number between 10 and 20, can n be uniquely determined?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency - Prime Numbers
Data sufficiency: S1 the product of two numbers is 21. S2 their sum is 10. Can the two numbers be uniquely identified as an unordered pair?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency - Algebra
What is the greatest possible length x such that both 3½ metres and 8¾ metres are exact integral multiples of x?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · HCF & Measurement
Using the following birth-rate and death-rate data per thousand population, in which period was the natural growth rate highest? 1911–21: 48.1 and 35.5; 1941–51: 39.9 and 27.4; 1961–71: 41.1 and 18.9; 1971–81: 37.1 and 14.8.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation - Demography
Which fraction is exactly equal to the recurring decimal 1.272727…?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Recurring Decimals
What is the least four-digit number that leaves remainder 2 when divided by each of 3, 4, 5 and 6?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & Remainders
Among adults in a population, 40% of men are married and 30% of women are married. Assume monogamy and no widows or widowers. What percentage of the total adult population is married?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages & Population
What is the remainder when 51×27×35×62×75 is divided by 100?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Modular Arithmetic
₹2,500 is divided among X, Y and Z in the ratio 1/2 : 3/4 : 5/6. What is the difference between the largest and smallest shares?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio & Proportion
For which values of the whole number n is the sum of the decimal digits of 10^n + 1 equal to 2?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Powers & Digit Sum
A class is divided into groups A, B and C. One student moves from A to C and two students move from B to C, with no student entering or leaving the class. What happens to the overall class average weight?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Average - Invariance
Using the five denominations ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500 and ₹2,000, how many different denomination-combinations are possible if at least three different denominations must be used?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
X can finish 20% of a work in 8 days, while Y can finish 25% of the same work in 6 days. If they work together, how many days are needed to complete 40% of the work?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time & Work
A car covers four equal-distance legs at speeds v, 2v, 3v and 4v respectively. In which range does its average speed lie?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed, Time & Distance
A square and a circle are drawn in the same plane so that they intersect. Consider: (1) the minimum possible number of intersection points is 2; (2) the maximum possible number is 8. Which is correct?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry - Intersections
A swimmer takes twice as long to cover a fixed distance upstream as downstream. What is the ratio of the swimmer’s speed in still water to the stream speed?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Boats & Streams
How many unordered pairs of natural numbers have squares differing by 63?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Theory - Difference of Squares
If the same positive number is added to both numerator and denominator, which fraction among 2/3, 3/4, 4/5 and 5/6 undergoes the smallest change?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Fractions
A digit n is greater than 3, is divisible by 3, but is not divisible by 6. Which expression must be divisible by 4?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Divisibility
If 1 litre of water has a mass of 1 kilogram, how many cubic millimetres of water have a mass of 0.1 gram?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Units & Volume
A vessel weighs 40 kg when full of a liquid and 20 kg when one-third full. What is the weight of the empty vessel?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear Equations
A frog is at the bottom of a 4.5-metre well. On each jump it climbs 30 cm and, unless it exits, slips back 15 cm. How many jumps are required to get out?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic - Climb & Slip
Passage: Ireland became dangerously dependent on a single potato variety, and a fungal disease devastated that crop, contributing to famine. What is the most important lesson?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: India combines rapid economic growth with a very large burden of child malnutrition. Malnutrition contributes substantially to under-five mortality, while surviving children can suffer permanent physical and cognitive damage, stunting, poorer learning and lower lifetime earnings. Which measures are the most rational and practical implications? (1) Union-level monitoring of the PDS; (2) delaying marriage and first pregnancy; (3) immediate breastfeeding after birth; (4) safe drinking water and sanitation for all; (5) ensuring prescribed vaccination.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Paddy residue is often burned, while residues from pulse crops can be incorporated into soil and may improve it. Which conclusions are supported? (1) pulse cultivation causes less residue-burning pollution than paddy; (2) pulse straw can help improve soil quality.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Reservoirs are often kept very full to maximise irrigation and electricity generation, although accepted reservoir practice keeps room for incoming monsoon water and regulated releases. Consider assumptions: (1) risks from maximum storage are linked to over-dependence on hydropower; (2) dam storage should not be fully utilised before or during the monsoon; (3) the flood-control role of dams is underestimated in India. Which assumptions are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: India's economic liberalisation was shaped more by immediate government economic problems than by people's priorities or long-term development objectives. Experience exposed limitations in its design, including jobless growth, persistent poverty and inequality, while crises in agriculture, infrastructure, industrialisation and education constrain future development. Which inferences are rational? (1) The State's economic role needs to be rethought and redefined in the quest for development. (2) India has not effectively implemented policies or made sufficient investment in social sectors.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the same liberalisation passage, consider assumptions: (1) India necessarily needs greater global integration to generate large-scale employment and sustainable growth; (2) liberalisation by itself produces enough growth to reduce poverty and provide sufficient long-term jobs. Which is valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
A shop owner offers three ways to apply two successive discounts and a service tax: (1) 10% discount, then 20% discount, then 10% service tax; (2) 20% discount, then 10% discount, then 10% service tax; (3) 10% service tax first, then discounts of 20% and 10%. Which option is best for the customer?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Discount & Tax
If letters are valued A=1, B=2, …, Z=26, and the coding rule maps GHI to 1578 and DEF to 912, what is the code for ABC?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding-Decoding
Complete the analogy: ACPQ : BESU :: MNGI : ?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Letter Analogy
Which has the greatest numerical value?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Exponents
Passage: Weak banks can become a burden on the economy, but closing or resolving them is politically and institutionally difficult, while repeated recapitalisation shifts losses to taxpayers. What is the central problem highlighted?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: India has major solar potential and must reduce fossil-fuel use, but some renewable technologies are still moving down their cost and learning curves. India has committed to lower emissions and is pushing both a gas-based economy and renewable energy, while businesses remain cautious about investing heavily before technologies mature. What is the most logical inference?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the same passage on India's renewable-energy transition, consider assumptions: (1) Governments often provide inefficient and costly subsidies for technologies that may not be ready in the near future. (2) India's commitment to reduce emissions by 33% by 2030 will be based on a gas-based economy. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Modern genome editing uses sequence-specific molecular tools to make precise changes in plant DNA and differs from conventional transgenic approaches that introduce genes from another organism. Consider assumptions: (1) Genome editing does not require transfer of genes from one plant to another. (2) Genome editing can alter chosen genes precisely in a way analogous to natural adaptation. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Using the genome-editing passage, assess: (1) conventional GM technology may deliberately modify genes and can introduce a gene from another species; (2) genome editing can modify an organism’s existing genome without necessarily introducing foreign DNA. Which is correct?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Article 25 guarantees freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practise and propagate religion, but expressly makes that freedom subject to public order, morality, health and other Fundamental Rights. What is the most logical inference?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the protein-intake passage, which assumption is supported? (1) only animal protein is harmful; (2) acids in the body can be neutralised only by calcium; (3) animal protein is nutritionally superior to plant protein; (4) the conventional belief that ever-higher protein intake is beneficial is scientifically questionable.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
A bottle contains 20 litres of liquid A. Four litres are removed and replaced by four litres of liquid B. Again four litres of the resulting mixture are removed and replaced by four litres of B. What is the final ratio of A to B?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
A batsman's average after 50 innings was 46.4. After the 60th innings his overall average had increased by 2.6. What was his average score in the last ten innings?2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the hunting passage, which assumptions are supported? (1) the narrator’s companions killed animals only for food; (2) the companions were skilled hunters/trackers; (3) the companions had detailed practical knowledge of animal anatomy.2020 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
While writing every integer from 1 through 1000, how many times does the digit 5 occur?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System
A cube has opposite faces painted in the same of three colours. It is cut into 36 cubes: 32 small cubes and four larger cubes. None of the larger cubes has a blue-painted face. How many resulting cubes have exactly one painted face?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry & Mensuration
A heavy block B placed on block A increases the weight by 60% relative to A alone. If B is removed, by what percentage does the combined weight A+B decrease?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
In the same year, one child’s birthday is on the fifth Monday of April and another’s is on the fifth Thursday of November. On which weekday does 20 December fall that year?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
Given: some rats are cats; some cats are dogs; no dog is a cow. Which conclusion necessarily follows: I no cow is a cat; II no dog is a rat; III some cats are rats?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
Four mutually parallel lines intersect another four mutually parallel lines. How many parallelograms can be formed using these lines?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics & Geometry
Students are numbered 1 to 100. A football player has a number divisible by 4, and a cricketer has a number divisible by 6. How many students play both games?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & Divisibility
A runner reaches the 12-km mark after completing 80% of a race. What is the total race distance?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Raju has ₹9,000, which is 75% of a mobile phone’s price. He borrows another ₹2,000. Which statement is correct?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
In 2002, Meenu was one-third as old as Meera; in 2010, Meenu was half as old as Meera. In which year was Meenu born?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ages
Rakesh and Rajesh together purchase 10 balls and 10 rackets for a combined ₹2,800. A racket costs three times as much as a ball. What is the price of one racket?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear Equations
At a conference there are 100 people, of whom 70 are Indians and 60 are vegetarians. Consider: I at least 30 Indians are vegetarian; II at least 10 Indians are non-vegetarian. Which is necessarily true?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets & Venn Diagrams
Passage: The author argues that corporate control and strong IPR incentives push GM research toward short-lived profit-oriented traits such as herbicide and pest resistance, while public needs include drought, salinity and other stress resistance. What is the central message?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the preceding GM passage, consider assumptions: I corporate GM research gives inadequate attention to agricultural stresses caused by natural calamities; II GM technology will ultimately be incapable of addressing agriculture problems caused by global warming. Which assumption is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Most introduced plant species in Britain are neither highly successful nor severely harmful; newcomers often increase local diversity and frequently occupy polluted or disturbed habitats where little else grows. What is the most defensible inference?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Child diarrhoeal deaths arise from many food- and water-safety failures, requiring regulation, monitoring, public awareness, trained inspectors and education of street vendors. Assumptions: I food safety needs a multipronged solution; II substantial investment in surveillance/training manpower is needed; III new legislation specifically for the food-processing industry is needed. Which are valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Conventional city development plans rely heavily on distant technical expertise and often exclude working and poor residents, their lived experiences and activities. What does the author advocate?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: India’s GDP growth accelerated substantially while growth of organised-sector employment slowed, despite most people remaining outside that sector. Which implications are supported? I modern growth is substantially productivity/technology driven; II the modern economy is weakly linked to labour-intensive natural-resource livelihoods; III India’s service sector is generally not labour-intensive; IV literate rural people are unwilling to enter organised employment.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Banking correspondents are crucial to financial inclusion, but need viable incentives, financial-literacy investment and capability to connect customers not only to bank accounts but also insurance and micro-pensions. What is the most important inference?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A five-floor building must use all four available colours, one colour per floor. Which information alone guarantees that every pair of consecutive floors has different colours? I floors II, III and IV are all different; II floors II and IV are different; III floors I and V are both red.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency & Arrangement
Town Q is 60 km due west of P, and town R is 80 km due south of P. What is the straight-line distance between Q and R?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry - Distance
At a club trip, 80% of members shopped, 50% went sightseeing and 10% did neither activity. Consider: I 40% did both shopping and sightseeing; II 20% did only shopping. Which is correct?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets & Percentages
In a school, 60% play cricket. Every non-cricketer plays football, and every football player owns a two-wheeler. Which conclusions cannot be deduced? I 60% do not own two-wheelers; II no cricketer owns a two-wheeler; III cricketers do not play football.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Deductive Reasoning
A two-digit number divided by the number formed by reversing its digits equals 4/7. How many valid two-digit number/reversal pairs satisfy this?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System
A scores 20 marks more than B. If B’s score is 5% lower than A’s, what is B’s score?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Seeta swims with a gap of two days between visits; Geeta swims with a gap of three days. They both swim on 1 January. When do they next swim together?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM & Calendar
In a 1000-m race, X can give Y a 40-m start and Z a 64-m start. If Y races Z over 1000 m, what start can Y give Z?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio - Races
Given x ≥ 25 and y ≤ 40, which relation must always hold?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inequalities
Ena is 13. Her mother is 24 years older than her and three years younger than Ena’s father. Ena was born four years after her parents married. How old was her father at marriage?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ages
Rakesh originally has enough money for 8 identical phones. After a discount, the same money buys 10 phones. What percentage discount was offered?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages - Discount
The reported average of 100 students is 40 marks. One student’s actual score of 53 was mistakenly recorded as 83. What is the corrected average?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Average
Passage: Cheap low-end Internet-of-Things devices are spreading rapidly through appliances, trackers, implants and vehicles, but adding strong security raises their cost and their explosive growth creates major security challenges. What is the key inference?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Developing countries generate large amounts of data that foreign firms can convert into proprietary digital intelligence and monopoly power; digital issues are increasingly entering trade negotiations. What policy corollary follows for India?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the same passage on data and digital intelligence, which proposition is most directly implied?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Small farmers contribute little to human-caused climate change but are highly exposed to droughts, floods, sea-level rise and changing water supplies; billions depend on small farms for food and livelihoods. What follows most logically?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the preceding climate-and-small-farm passage, consider: I India faces a potential food-security problem; II India needs stronger disaster-management capability. Which implication is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Climate policy may strand fossil-fuel reserves, increase taxes and regulation, and extreme weather can damage many industries. Assumptions: I governments and companies should prepare for climate change; II extreme weather will necessarily reduce future economic growth; III ignoring climate change creates major investment risk. Which are valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: School enrolment is nearly universal, but access to quality education varies sharply by socioeconomic status; RTE quotas in private schools triggered debate on equity and resistance among private actors. Assumptions: I equality of opportunity is necessarily the fundamental goal of the entire Indian education system; II the present school system does not provide egalitarian education; III abolishing private schools is the only way to achieve equality. Which is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Tuberculosis among poor Indians is intensified by undernutrition, poor housing, stigma, loss of work, expensive treatment, weak counselling/support and severe side effects that discourage treatment continuation. What is the crucial message?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Starting from B, every alternate English letter is lowercase and all other letters are uppercase. Under this rule, how is JULY written?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Letter Coding
A paper is cut into three lengths. The first equals the average of the one-digit odd primes. The second equals the first plus one-third of the third, and the third equals the sum of the first two. What was the original total length?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Linear Equations
In 1,5,7,3,5,7,4,3,5,7, how many occurrences of 5 are immediately followed by 7 but are not immediately preceded by 3?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sequence Analysis
A seven-member family A–G has three women. G is a widow and sister-in-law of F, who is D’s father. B and D are siblings; A is B’s daughter; C is B’s cousin. Regarding E: I E is F’s wife; II E is A’s grandmother; III E is C’s aunt. Which are correct?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Blood Relations
Each of a cube’s six faces is coloured either black or white. Counting colourings that are the same after rotating the cube as identical, how many distinct colourings are possible?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics & Spatial Reasoning
How many ordered triples of positive integers (x,y,z) satisfy x+y+z=6?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
Suppose $ means division, @ means multiplication and # means subtraction. Evaluate 10#5@1$5 using normal operation precedence.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Mathematical Operations
The 8-digit number 4252746B is divisible by 3. How many possible decimal digits can B be?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Divisibility
Six students A–F are ranked with distinct scores. Either C or F is first; if C is first, E is last; if F is first, B is last. Also D>A>B and C>A. If F is second, what rank must B hold?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking & Ordering
Using the same ranking rules, if B is last, what can C’s rank be?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking & Ordering
Using the same six-student ranking rules, if E ranks third, which statement must be true?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking & Ordering
Given S1: twice Sohan’s weight is less than Mohan’s or Rohan’s weight; S2: twice Rohan’s weight is greater than Mohan’s or Sohan’s. Which conclusion about the greatest weight is justified?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inequalities & Comparison
Using the same Sohan–Mohan–Rohan weight statements, which person must be the lightest?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inequalities & Comparison
Passage: India needs a long-term collaborative regulatory system that considers jobs, growth, alternatives and unintended consequences; regulation should secure cost-justified social/environmental benefits while improving broad economic welfare. What is the crucial inference?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the preceding regulation passage, assess assumptions: I regulations are generally ineffective at protecting local markets; II governments worldwide generally ignore social and environmental concerns when regulating. Which assumption is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Malnourished children have less mature gut microbiomes; a sugar in breast milk feeds beneficial infant microbes, and malnourished mothers tend to have less of this sugar, contributing to immature microbiomes. What inference is most directly supported?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Using the microbiome passage, consider: I processed probiotic foods are established as the solution for children with immature gut microbiomes; II babies of malnourished mothers tend to be malnourished. Which assumption is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Rapid warming on the western Antarctic Peninsula is melting glaciers; researchers link suspended sediments from melting to loss of benthic diversity. Assumptions: I all glacier regions warm faster than other regions; II global warming can increase seafloor sedimentation in some places; III melting glaciers can reduce marine biodiversity in some places. Which are valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Fossil remains at an owl roost suggest small-mammal communities stayed resilient through rapid natural warming about 13,000 years ago, but human-driven environmental change since the late nineteenth century sharply reduced biomass and ecosystem energy flow. Which assumption is valid? I global warming is frequently recurring; II future warming will not harm small mammals; III humans are responsible for loss of natural ecosystem resilience.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Crop diversity has collapsed as farming and food systems depend on fewer high-yield varieties; locally adapted varieties could become vital if disease or climate change damages dominant crops. Which assumptions are valid? I humans are the main cause of all large-scale plant-species extinction; II eating mainly locally cultivated crops supports crop diversity; III current production will certainly cause near-term food scarcity; IV future food security may depend on preserving local crop varieties.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Find the next term: 132, 129, 124, 117, 106, 93, X.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Series
A clock gains 10 minutes every 24 actual hours. It was correct at 8:00 a.m. Monday. When it displays 6:00 p.m. Wednesday, what is the actual time?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Clocks
If the numerator and denominator of a proper positive fraction are each increased by the same positive amount, how does the fraction change?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Fractions & Inequalities
Find X in the alternating-square sequence: 4, 196, 16, 144, 36, 100, 64, X.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Series
Among 15 people, 7 read French, 8 read English and 3 read neither language. How many read exactly one of the two languages?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets & Venn Diagrams
A printer numbers book pages starting from 1 and prints 3,089 digits in total. What is the final page number?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System - Digit Counting
Complete the pattern c_accaa_aa_bc_b by choosing the four letters that fill the blanks in order.2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Letter Series
A mother and two children average 50 kg; a father and the same two children average 52 kg. If the father weighs 60 kg, what is the mother’s weight?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Average
Using unlimited ₹1, ₹10 and ₹50 notes/coins, in how many different combinations can exactly ₹107 be paid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics - Currency
A walks 30 m east, then turns left and goes 2 m before turning right and going 12 m to his office. B joins after A’s first 20 m, walks 10 m east, then 8 m south, 4 m east, and finally 5 m south to his office. What is the shortest distance between their offices?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction Sense & Geometry
Data sufficiency: S1 p and q are both prime. S2 p+q is odd. Question: Is pq odd? Which information is sufficient?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Sufficiency - Number Properties
Which of these years has the same calendar arrangement as 2009?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
The number 136 is added to 5B7 to obtain 7A3, where A and B are digits. The result 7A3 is divisible by 3. What is the only possible value of B?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit Arithmetic & Divisibility
Passage: Historical injustices such as untouchability persist because they are embedded simultaneously in economic exploitation, discriminatory ideologies and social representation; different wrongs overlap and can become partly independent of one another. What is the main idea?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the historical-injustice passage, assess assumptions: I removing economic discrimination automatically removes social discrimination; II democratic polity is necessarily the best method for repairing historical wrongs. Which is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Universities should cultivate both specialised knowledge and culture—thoughtfulness, beauty and human feeling—because information or expertise alone is incomplete. Assumptions: I no society can modernise without well-educated people; II an individual’s education is incomplete without culture. Which is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Fertile soil forms slowly but is rapidly lost by erosion; it also stores large quantities of carbon as organic matter. Assumptions: I soil erosion is a major demonstrated cause of worldwide food insecurity; II soil erosion is mainly human-caused; III sustainable soil management can help address climate change. Which is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Inequality is visible and measurable, but the economic power organising it is often invisible; power’s influence is best seen through how it tilts observable outcomes. Assumptions: I economic power is the sole cause of inequality; II inequality necessarily reinforces power; III economic power can be studied more readily through its effects than by direct measurement. Which is valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
Passage: Climate change may help some crops but harm others through pests, drought and flooding; suitable growing zones may shift, while politics, demand and farm practices also influence yields. What is the most reasonable inference?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Passage: Human hands, mole forelimbs, horse legs, porpoise flippers and bat wings perform different jobs yet share the same underlying arrangement of bones. What scientific inference follows?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference - Evolution
Passage: About 56 million years ago, a geologically rapid carbon release caused the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, bringing major warming, ecological disruption and a substantially altered biosphere before excess carbon was reabsorbed. Assumptions: I global warming can influence biological evolution; II separation of land masses itself causes huge carbon releases; III warming can change the composition of flora and fauna; IV current warming will necessarily recreate exactly the same conditions. Which are valid?2019 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Assumptions
A 3D triangular framework shown in the paper contains how many triangles in total?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Counting
In the digit-sum puzzle • + 1• + 2• + •3 + •1 = 21•, what digit does • represent?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit Puzzle
A number-pattern diagram follows the same arithmetic relation in each row. What number replaces the question mark?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Pattern
How many diagonals can be drawn in an octagon?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry
Velocity-time graphs are given for vehicles A and B; using the areas under the graphs, what is the ratio of distances covered in interval OL?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
A 200 m train moves at 40 km/h. How many seconds does it take to pass a stationary man?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time Speed Distance
A passage notes that around 47% of India's population depends on agriculture and a large share will continue to do so. What is the most logical inference?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A passage says globalized food production gives consumers more choices but makes contamination harder to regulate and trace. What is the logical corollary?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A scientist says some questions are best addressed by science and some existential questions by faith. What inference follows?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
In a passage reflecting on India's past, why does the author want India to free herself from certain past bonds?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the six-month steel-import graph, by how many thousand tonnes did sheet-steel imports exceed coil-steel imports in the first three months?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Using the same steel graph and the stated average price, what was the approximate total value of sheet steel imported over six months?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Using the steel graph, what was the approximate ratio of sheet-steel to scrap-steel imports in the first three months?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Rotated views of a solid show faces marked by dots, a cross and a line. Which symbol is opposite the face with one dot?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Cube Reasoning
In the same solid, which symbol is opposite the face with two dots?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Cube Reasoning
In the same solid, which symbol is opposite the face containing the cross?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Cube Reasoning
A Right-to-Education passage stresses quality, pedagogy and inclusion. Which is of paramount importance: parent attendance duty, physical infrastructure, or curricular reform for child-friendly learning?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the same RTE passage, assess assumptions: RTE guarantees teacher accountability; guarantees 100% enrolment; intends to exploit demographic dividend.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
According to the RTE passage, what is critical in bringing quality to education?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
What is the essential message of the RTE passage?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
If LSJXVC is the code for MUMBAI under a backward-shift pattern, what is the code for DELHI?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding Decoding
If RAMON=12345 and DINESH=675849, how is HAMAM written?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Coding Decoding
If -3<X<-1 and -1<Y<1, between which bounds must X²−Y² lie?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
X and Y are natural numbers greater than 1, with Y>X. Which expression is largest?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Properties
Six officers A-F occupy offices on two sides of a corridor under the stated facing/corner constraints. If E faces the corridor, whose office is to E's left?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arrangement
Using the same office-layout constraints, who is F's immediate neighbour?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arrangement
A desertification passage links declining forest cover to erosion, smaller rivers, agricultural damage and groundwater decline. Which consequences are supported?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the desertification passage, which inference is valid: deforestation can alter river courses; salinization is only human-caused; monoculture explains desertification across all tropical continents?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
For the desertification passage, assess assumptions: it is only a tropical phenomenon; deforestation can lead to floods and desertification.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
A climate-adaptation passage emphasizes natural assets. Which help coping with climate change: conserve water sources, conserve a wider gene pool, retain existing crop-management practices, maintain migration corridors?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the same climate-adaptation passage, assess assumptions: livelihood diversification is a coping strategy; monocropping can drive loss of crop varieties and wild relatives.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
A passage describes the planet as a biological system and criticizes treating it like a giant shopping mall. What is the crucial inference?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage rejects the idea that leadership is purely innate. What does the author believe?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A three-digit number has 0 as the middle digit and digit sum 4. Reversing first and last digits increases it by 198. What is the difference between those digits?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Digit Problems
A 3 cm cube painted on all faces is cut into 1 cm cubes. How many small cubes have exactly two painted faces?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Cubes
From 700 to 1000, how many numbers have hundreds digit > tens digit > units digit?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
If Pen Cap, which statement is always true?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inequalities
A bookseller sells a Geography books at ₹x each, a+2 History books at ₹(x+2), and a−2 Mathematics books at ₹(x−2). What is total sales value?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
A bag has 15 red and 20 black balls numbered 1-3 with given percentage distributions. A win occurs for red-3 or black-1/2. What is the probability of winning?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Probability
A and B run on a circular track. B starts 30° ahead; when A reaches the diametrically opposite point, A meets B. Find speed ratio A:B.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Circular Motion
A student needs 40% to pass. He scores 30 marks and fails by 30 marks. What are the maximum marks?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Among 19 hockey players, 11 have shirts and 14 have pants, with every player having at least one of the two. How many have a complete uniform?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets
Four students A, B, C and D are each from different cities P, Q, R and S, study in different colleges—Science, Arts, Commerce and Engineering—and belong to different States Gujarat, Rajasthan, Assam and Kerala. D is from Assam; the Arts college is in city S and Rajasthan; A studies Commerce; B is from city Q; the Science college is in Kerala. In which State is A?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Using the same student-city-college-State constraints, in which city is the Science college located?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Using the same student-city-college-State constraints, which statement correctly identifies C?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Using the same student-city-college-State constraints, which statement is correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Using the same student-city-college-State constraints, which statement about the Engineering college is correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Using the same student-city-college-State constraints, which statement is correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
A passage on climate finance discusses the policy complexity of climate change and the need to build adaptive capacity. Consider assumptions: 1. Climate change is not a challenge for developed countries. 2. Climate change is a complex policy and development issue. 3. Finance is needed to build adaptive capacity in developing countries. Which are valid?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
A passage notes that many households cook with biomass or coal, creating severe indoor air pollution. What is the strongest inference?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A passage reflects on science and the possibility of a happier world. Which statement best captures its message?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage discusses Arctic melting, new sea routes and access to resources. What is its most important implication?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A passage discusses tension between WTO agricultural rules and India's public food-distribution and food-security policies. What is the central issue?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage says the industrial-age education model is poorly suited to a knowledge society. Which assumption is most consistent with the passage?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
A passage reviews competing dieting claims and changing nutritional advice. What is its main message?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage warns that agricultural monocultures reduce resilience to climate change. What is the strongest conclusion?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A shopkeeper sells one item for ₹40 at a profit of x% and another for ₹20 at a loss of the same x%. What is the common cost price?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Profit and Loss
Twenty-four equally spaced points lie on a circle. What is the maximum number of equilateral triangles whose vertices are among those points?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry
The dates 4/12/95, 1/1/96, 29/1/96 and 26/2/96 follow a fixed interval. What is the next date?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Date Pattern
Twelve equal squares form a 4-by-3 rectangle whose diagonal is 5 units. What is the area of each small square?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry
A graph compares planned and actual project progress over several months. Which statement is NOT correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Three winners receive three distinct coloured blocks chosen from six colours, with no colour repeated. In how many ways can the colours be assigned?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Permutations
A graph shows population across successive years from 1990 to 2010. Which statement best describes the population-growth trend?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Using the age/population trend graph, consider: 1. Population stabilized after about 35 years. 2. Population growth rate stabilized after about 35 years. 3. Death rate fell by 10% in the first 10 years. 4. Birth rate stabilized after about 35 years. Which are correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Two graphs display the same earnings data on different vertical scales. Which observation is correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
A visual pattern requires the missing figure to continue the established transformation. Which answer figure fits?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Pattern
Graphs show manufacturing cost and projected sales revenue against the number of pieces produced. What is the minimum output needed to avoid a loss?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Break-even Graph
A lift can carry either 18 adults or 30 children. If 12 adults are already in the lift, how many children can also be carried at the same capacity?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio and Proportion
A refrigerator costs ₹22,800 with 12.5% compound interest. After paying ₹8,650 at the end of year 1 and ₹9,125 at the end of year 2, what amount is due at the end of year 3?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Compound Interest
A six-figure visual sequence follows a regular movement pattern. Which figure should appear seventh?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Sequence
Age-structure graphs for countries A and B are given. Consider: 1. B's dependency ratio fell. 2. In future A's dependency ratio will be much lower than B's. 3. B's workforce share rises relative to A. Which are valid?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Population Graphs
A family passage compares badminton ability among Lakshmi, her brother, son and daughter. Who is the best badminton player?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
A central bank repeatedly raises its policy interest rate. What is the most likely macroeconomic objective?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Economic Reasoning
A table compares State GDP growth, per-capita income and tele-density. Which inferences are valid? 1. Higher income generally accompanies higher tele-density. 2. Higher GDP growth always means higher per-capita income. 3. Higher GDP growth need not ensure higher tele-density.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Tabular Data
Using the same State GDP/income/tele-density table, assess assumptions: 1. A high-performing State's prosperity requires further large telecom investment. 2. Very high tele-density is the most essential condition for economic growth.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions from Data
A graph shows the composition of tax revenue. Consider: 1. The share of direct taxes rose while the share of indirect taxes fell. 2. The excise-duty trend proves manufacturing growth was negative. Which is valid?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Graphs
Given x−y=8, consider: 1. x and y are always both positive. 2. If x is positive, y is always negative. 3. If x is negative, y is positive. Which statement is correct?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
A passage discusses the industrial production of meat and its resource use and environmental impacts. What is the crucial message?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage about tiger conservation discusses moving tigers between protected habitats and maintaining connectivity. What is the strongest conclusion?2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
From the tiger-conservation passage, assess assumptions: 1. Relocation of tigers between protected areas is often unsuccessful. 2. India lacks suitable tiger-protection law and its conservation programme has failed.2018 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
What climate change will undeniably do is cause or amplify events that hasten the reduction of resources. Competition over these diminishing resources would ensue in political or violent conflict. Resource-based conflicts are rarely overt and may appear as identity or ideological conflicts. What does the passage imply?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate and Conflict
The man who perpetually hesitates between two things will do neither; one who resolves but changes course at the first counter-suggestion accomplishes little. The person who consults wisely, resolves firmly and executes with perseverance can advance to eminence. The keynote of the passage is that:2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
During summer in the Arctic Ocean, sea ice has been melting earlier and faster and winter freeze has been coming later. The lengthening melt period threatens the Arctic food web, atop which stand polar bears. What is the most crucial message?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate Change
Research on open defecation identifies ideas of purity and pollution and reluctance to empty pits or septic tanks as major barriers. To eradicate open defecation these issues must be confronted. What is the crucial message?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Sanitation
In two decades world GDP rose about 50%, but inclusive wealth rose only about 6%; natural capital declined sharply while human capital grew only modestly. What is the most crucial inference?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inclusive Wealth
India has a large youth surplus, but most of its labour force is in the unorganised sector and employment growth has slowed. Which is the most rational inference?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Labour Reforms
Complete freedom from the obligation to work is unnatural because society survives only through shared work; the real question is how much leisure we can afford. The main idea is that:2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Work and Society
There is no harm in cultivating non-injurious habits. Habits simplify the mechanism of life and enable us to do many things automatically. The author suggests that habits:2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
No supporters of Party X who knew Z and supported his campaign strategy agreed to an alliance with Party Y, but some of them had friends in Party Y. Which statement must be true?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Deductive Logic
Given: some Party X supporters knew Z; some who knew Z and supported his strategy did not agree to alliance with Party Y; and some had friends in Party Y. Which statement among the following is not correct? 1. Some supporters of Party X knew Z. 2. Some supporters of Party X who opposed Z's strategy knew Z. 3. No supporters of Party X supported Z's campaign strategy.2017 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Deductive Logic
If second and fourth Saturdays and all Sundays are the only holidays for an office, what is the minimum possible number of working days in any month of any year?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Calendar
If one-third of a community's population migrates every year and there is no population growth, what fraction of the original population remains after the sixth year?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Geometric Reduction
Four tests—Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology—are conducted on four consecutive days. Physics is held before the test conducted after Biology. Chemistry is conducted after exactly two tests have been held. Which is the last test?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Ordering
A+B income is greater than C+D; A+C equals B+D; and A earns half the sum of B and D. Whose income is highest?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Algebraic Comparison
Statement: A good voice is a natural gift, but one has to keep practising to improve and excel in music. Conclusions: I. Natural gifts need nurturing and care. II. Even if one's voice is not good, one can keep practising. Which is correct?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Statement and Conclusion
Three spiders climb pillars X, Y and Z. A climbs 6 cm and slips 1 cm; B climbs 7 cm and slips 3 cm; C climbs 6.5 cm and slips 2 cm. Each reaches the top on its 40th chance. What is the height of the shortest pillar?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Climb and Slip
“Rights are certain advantageous conditions of social well-being indispensable to the true development of the citizen.” What is the correct understanding of rights?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Political Concepts
Fifteen students failed in a class of 52. After failed students are removed, Ramesh is 22nd from the top in the merit list. What is his position from the bottom?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ranking
If A+B means A is the son of B and A−B means A is the wife of B, what does P+R−Q mean?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Blood Relations
Gopal bought a cell phone and sold it to Ram at 10% profit. Ram then sells it back to Gopal at 10% loss. What is Gopal's position if he agrees?2017 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Profit and Loss
There is a milk sample with 50% water in it. If one-third of this milk is added to an equal amount of pure milk, then water in the new mixture will fall down to:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Six boys A, B, C, D, E and F play a game of cards. Each has a pack of 10 cards. F borrows 2 cards from A and gives away 5 to C, who in turn gives 3 to B while B gives 6 to D who passes on 1 to E. Then the number of cards possessed by D and E is equal to the number of cards possessed by:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
There are three pillars X, Y, and Z of different heights. Three spiders A, B, and C start to climb on these pillars simultaneously. In one chance, A climbs on X by 6 cm but slips down 1 cm. B climbs on Y by 7 cm but slips down 3 cm. C climbs on Z by 6.5 cm but slips down 2 cm. If each of them requires 40 chances to reach the top of the pillars, what is the height of the shortest pillar?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
There are 4 horizontal and 4 vertical lines, parallel and equidistant to one another on a board. What is the maximum number of rectangles and squares that can be formed?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Consider the following relationships among members of a family of six persons A, B, C, D, E, and F: 1. The number of males equals that of females. 2. A and E are sons of F. 3. D is the mother of two, one boy and one girl. 4. B is the son of A. 5. There is only one married couple in the family at present. Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
If 2 boys and 2 girls are to be arranged in a row so that the girls are not next to each other, how many possible arrangements are there?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The age of Mr. X last year was the square of a number and it would be the cube of a number next year. What is the least number of years he must wait for his age to become the cube of a number again?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Suppose the average weight of 9 persons is 50 kg. The average weight of the first 5 persons is 45 kg, whereas the average weight of the last 5 persons is 55 kg. Then the weight of the 5th person will be2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
15 students failed in a class of 52. After removing the names of failed students, a merit order list has been prepared in which the position of Ramesh is 22nd from the top. What is his position from the bottom?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Two walls and a ceiling of a room meet at right angles at a point P. A fly is in the air 1 m from one wall, 8 m from the other wall, and 9 m from the point P. How many meters is the fly from the ceiling?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A 2-digit number is reversed. The larger of the two numbers is divided by the smaller one. What is the largest possible remainder?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Consider the given statement and the two conclusions that follow: Statement: Morning walk is good for health. Conclusions: 1. All healthy people go for morning walk. 2. Morning walk is essential for maintaining good health. What is/are the valid conclusion/conclusions?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The outer surface of a 4 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm cube is painted completely in red. It is sliced parallel to the faces to yield sixty-four 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm small cubes. How many small cubes do not have painted faces?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
P = (40% of A) + (65% of B) and Q = (50% of A) + (50% of B), where A is greater than B. In this context, which of the following statements is correct?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A watch loses 2 minutes in every 24 hours while another watch gains 2 minutes in every 24 hours. At a particular instant, the two watches showed an identical time. Which of the following statements is correct if a 24-hour clock is followed?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
A clock strikes once at 1 o’clock, twice at 2 o’clock, and thrice at 3 o’clock, and so on. If it takes 12 seconds to strike at 5 o’clock, what is the time taken by it to strike at 10 o’clock?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
In a test, Randhir obtained more marks than the total marks obtained by Kunal and Debu. The total marks obtained by Kunal and Shankar are more than those of Randhir. Sonal obtained more marks than Shankar. Neha obtained more marks than Randhir. Who amongst them obtained the highest marks?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The monthly incomes of X and Y are in the ratio of 4 : 3, and their monthly expenses are in the ratio of 3 : 2. However, each saves Rs. 6,000 per month. What is their total monthly income?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Statement: Good voice is a natural gift but one has to keep practising to improve and excel well in the field of music. Conclusions: I. Natural gifts need nurturing and care. II. Even though one’s voice is not good, one can keep practising. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statement and conclusions?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The average rainfall in a city for the first four days was recorded to be 0.40 inch. The rainfall on the last two days was in the ratio of 4 : 3. The average of six days was 0.50 inch. What was the rainfall on the fifth day?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
Certain 3-digit numbers have the following characteristics: 1. All the three digits are different. 2. The number is divisible by 7. 3. The number on reversing the digits is also divisible by 7. How many such 3-digit numbers are there?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
P works thrice as fast as Q, whereas P and Q together can work four times as fast as R. If P, Q, and R together work on a job, in what ratio should they share the earnings?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude
The IMF has pointed out that the fast-growing economies of Asia face the risk of falling into the 'middle-income trap'. It means that average incomes in these countries, which till now have been growing rapidly, will stop growing beyond a point—a point that is well short of incomes in the developed West. The IMF identifies a number of causes of the middle-income trap—from infrastructure to weak institutions, to less favourable macroeconomic conditions. The overall cause, says the IMF, is the growth of productivity. Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
There has been a significant trend worldwide towards regionalism in government, resulting in a widespread transfer of powers downwards towards regions and communities since the 1990s. This process, which involves the creation of new political entities and bodies at a sub-national level and an increase in their content and powers, is known as devolution. Devolution has been characterized as being made up of three factors—political legitimacy, decentralization of authority, and decentralization of resources. Political legitimacy here means a mass demand from below for the decentralization process, which is able to create a political force for it to take place. In many cases, decentralization is initiated by the upper tier of government without sufficient political mobilization for it at the grassroots level, and in such cases, the decentralization process often does not fulfil its objectives. Which among the following is the most logical, rational, and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Why do people prefer open defecation and not want toilets or, if they have them, only use them sometimes? Recent research has shown two critical elements: ideas of purity and pollution, and not wanting pits or septic tanks to fill because they have to be emptied. These are the issues that nobody wants to talk about, but if we want to eradicate the practice of open defecation, they have to be confronted and dealt with properly. Which among the following is the most crucial message conveyed by the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The greatest blessing that technological progress has in store for mankind is not, of course, an accumulation of material possessions. The amount of these that can be effectively enjoyed by one individual in one lifetime is not great. But there is not the same narrow limit to the possibilities of the enjoyment of leisure. The gift of leisure may be abused by people who have had no experience of making use of it. Yet the creative use of leisure by a minority in societies has been the mainspring of all human progress beyond the primitive level. With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. People always see the leisure time as a gift and use it for acquiring more material possessions. 2. Use of leisure by some people to produce new and original things has been the chief source of human progress. Which of these assumptions is/are valid?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Climate change is likely to expose a large number of people to increasing environmental risks forcing them to migrate. The international community is yet to recognize this new category of migrants. There is no consensus on the definition and status of climate refugees owing to the distinct meaning the term refugees carry under international laws. There are still gaps in understanding how climate change will work as the root cause of migration. Even if there is recognition of climate refugees, who is going to provide protection? More emphasis has been given to international migration due to climate change. But there is a need to recognize the migration of such people within the countries also so that their problems can be addressed properly. Which of the following is the most rational inference from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
There is no harm in cultivating habits so long as they are not injurious. Indeed, most of us are little more than a bundle of habits. Take away our habits, and the residuum could not get on without them. They simplify the mechanism of life. They enable us to do a multitude of things automatically, which, if we had to give fresh and original thought to them each time, would make existence an impossible confusion. The author suggests that habits:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
There is more than a modicum of truth in the assertion that 'a working knowledge of ancient history is necessary to the intelligent interpretation of current events'. But the sage who uttered these words of wisdom might well have added something on the benefits of studying particularly the famous battles of history for the lessons they contain for those of us who lead or aspire to leadership. Such a study will reveal certain qualities and attributes which enabled the winners to win—and certain deficiencies which caused the losers to lose. And the student will see that the same pattern recurs consistently, again and again, throughout the centuries. With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. A study of the famous battles of history would help us understand modern warfare. 2. Studying history is essential for anyone who aspires to be a leader. Which of these assumptions is/are valid?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Many farmers use synthetic pesticides to kill infesting insects. The consumption of pesticides in some of the developed countries is touching 3000 grams/hectare. Unfortunately, there are reports that these compounds possess inherent toxicities that endanger the health of the farm operators, consumers, and the environment. Synthetic pesticides are generally persistent in the environment. Entering the food chain, they destroy microbial diversity and cause ecological imbalance. Their indiscriminate use has resulted in the development of resistance among insects to insecticides, upsetting the balance in nature and resurgence of treated populations. Natural pest control using botanical pesticides is safer to the user and the environment because they break down into harmless compounds within hours or days in the presence of sunlight. Plants with pesticidal properties have been in nature for millions of years without any ill or adverse effects on the ecosystem. They are easily decomposed by many microbes common in most soils. They help in the maintenance of biological diversity of predators and the reduction of environmental contamination and human health hazards. Botanical pesticides formulated from plants are biodegradable and their use in crop protection is a practical sustainable alternative. On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Synthetic pesticides should never be used in modern agriculture. 2. One of the aims of sustainable agriculture is to ensure minimal ecological imbalance. 3. Botanical pesticides are more effective as compared to synthetic pesticides. Which of the assumptions given above is/are correct?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Many farmers use synthetic pesticides to kill infesting insects. Synthetic pesticides are generally persistent in the environment and can destroy microbial diversity and cause ecological imbalance. Natural pest control using botanical pesticides is safer because they break down into harmless compounds and are biodegradable. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding biopesticides? 1. They are not hazardous to human health. 2. They are persistent in the environment. 3. They are essential to maintain the biodiversity of any ecosystem. Select the correct answer using the code given below:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Really I think that the poorest he that is in England has a life to live, as the greatest he, and therefore truly, I think it is clear that every man that is to live under a government ought first by his own consent to put himself under the government, and I do think that the poorest man in England is not at all bound in a strict sense to that government that he has not had a voice to put himself under. The above statement argues for2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The very first lesson that should be taught to us when we are old enough to understand it, is that complete freedom from the obligation to work is unnatural, and ought to be illegal, as we can escape our share of the burden of work only by throwing it on someone else’s shoulders. Nature ordains that the human race shall perish of famine if it stops working. We cannot escape from this tyranny. The question we have to settle is how much leisure we can afford to allow ourselves. The main idea of the passage is that:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In the last two decades, the world’s gross domestic product (GDP) has increased by 50 percent, whereas inclusive wealth has increased by a mere 6 percent. In recent decades, GDP-driven economic performance has only harmed inclusive wealth like human capital and natural capital like forests, land and water. While the world’s human capital, which stands at 57 percent of total inclusive wealth, grew by only 8 percent, the natural capital, which is 23 percent of total inclusive wealth, declined by 30 percent worldwide in the last two decades. Which of the following is the most crucial inference from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Eight railway stations A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are connected either by two-way passages or one-way passages. One-way passages are from C to A, E to G, B to F, D to H, G to C, E to C, and H to G. Two-way passages are between A and E, G and B, F and D, and E and D. In how many different ways can a train travel from F to A without passing through any station more than once?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Eight railway stations A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are connected either by two-way passages or one-way passages. One-way passages are from C to A, E to G, B to F, D to H, G to C, E to C, and H to G. Two-way passages are between A and E, G and B, F and D, and E and D. If the route between G and C is closed, which one of the following stations need not be passed through while travelling from H to C?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Eight railway stations A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are connected either by two-way passages or one-way passages. One-way passages are from C to A, E to G, B to F, D to H, G to C, E to C, and H to G. Two-way passages are between A and E, G and B, F and D, and E and D. While travelling from C to H, which one of the following stations must be passed through?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
In a free country, the man who reaches the position of leader is usually one of outstanding character and ability. Moreover, it is usually possible to foresee that he will reach such a position, since early in life one can see his qualities of character. But this is not always true in the case of a dictator; often he reaches his position of power through chance, very often through the unhappy state of his country. The passage seems to suggest that2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Productive jobs are vital for growth, and a good job is the best form of inclusion. More than half of our population depends on agriculture, but the experience of other countries suggests that the number of people dependent on agriculture will have to shrink if per capita incomes in agriculture are to go up substantially. While industry is creating jobs, too many such jobs are low-productivity non-contractual jobs in the unorganized sector, offering low incomes, little protection, and no benefits. Service jobs are relatively of high productivity, but employment growth in services has been slow in recent years. Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
No supporters of 'party X', who knew Z and supported his campaign strategy, agreed for the alliance with 'party Y'; but some of them had friends in 'party Y'. With reference to the above information, consider the following statements: 1. Some supporters of 'party X' knew Z. 2. Some supporters of 'party X', who opposed Z’s campaign strategy, knew Z. 3. No supporters of 'party X' supported Z’s campaign strategy. Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
No supporters of 'party X', who knew Z and supported his campaign strategy, agreed for the alliance with 'party Y'; but some of them had friends in 'party Y'. With reference to the above information, which one among the following statements must be true?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The States are like pearls and the Centre is the thread which turns them into a necklace; if the thread snaps, the pearls are scattered. Which one of the following views corroborates the above statement?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A successful democracy depends upon widespread interest and participation in politics, in which voting is an essential part. To deliberately refrain from taking such an interest, and from voting, is a kind of implied anarchy; it is to refuse one’s political responsibility while enjoying the benefits of a free political society. This passage relates to2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
We live in digital times. The digital is not just something we use strategically and specifically to do a few tasks. Our very perception of who we are, how we connect to the world around us, and the ways in which we define our domains of life, labour, and language are hugely structured by the digital technologies. The digital is everywhere and, like air, invisible. We live within digital systems, we live with intimate gadgets, we interact through digital media, and the very presence and imagination of the digital have dramatically restructured our lives. The digital, far from being a tool, is a condition and context that defines the shapes and boundaries of our understanding of the self, the society, and the structure of governance. Which among the following is the most logical and essential message conveyed by the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
By 2020, when the global economy is expected to run short of 56 million young people, India, with its youth surplus of 47 million, could fill the gap. It is in this context that labour reforms are often cited as the way to unlock double-digit growth in India. In 2014, India’s labour force was estimated to be about 40 percent of the population, but 93 percent of this force was in the unorganized sector. Over the last decade, the compound annual growth rate of employment has slowed to 0.5 percent, with about 14 million jobs created during the last year when the labour force increased by about 15 million. Which of the following is the most rational inference from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What climate change will undeniably do is cause or amplify events that hasten the reduction of resources. Competition over these diminishing resources would ensue in the form of political or even violent conflict. Resource-based conflicts have rarely been overt and are thus difficult to isolate. Instead, they take on veneers that appear more politically palatable. Conflicts over resources like water are often cloaked in the guise of identity or ideology. What does the above passage imply?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
We have hard work ahead. There is no resting for any of us till we redeem our pledge in full, till we make all the people of India what destiny intends them to be. We are citizens of a great country, on the verge of bold advance, and we have to live up to that high standard. All of us, to whatever religion we may belong, are equally the children of India with equal rights, privileges and obligations. We cannot encourage communalism or narrow-mindedness, for no nation can be great whose people are narrow in thought or action. The challenge the author of the above passage throws to the public is to achieve2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
An air quality index (AQI) is a way to combine measurements of multiple air pollutants into a single number or rating. This index is ideally kept constantly updated and available in different places. The AQI is most useful when lots of pollution data are being gathered and when pollution levels are normally, but not always, low. In such cases, if pollution levels spike for a few days, the public can quickly take preventive action in response to an air quality warning. Unfortunately, that is not urban India. Pollution levels in many large Indian cities are so high that they remain well above any health or regulatory standard for a large part of the year. If our index stays in the Red/'Dangerous' region day after day, there is not much anyone can do, other than getting used to ignoring it. Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The medium-term challenge for Indian manufacturing is to move from lower to higher tech sectors, from lower to higher value-added sectors, and from lower to higher productivity sectors. Medium-tech industries are primarily capital-intensive and resource-processing; and high-tech industries are mainly capital and technology-intensive. In order to push the share of manufacturing in overall GDP to the projected 25 per cent, Indian manufacturing needs to capture the global market in sectors showing a rising trend in demand. These sectors are largely high-technology and capital-intensive. Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Over the last decade, Indian agriculture has become more robust with record production of food grains and oilseeds. Increased procurement, consequently, has added huge stacks of food grains in the granaries. India is one of the world’s top producers of rice, wheat, milk, fruits and vegetables. India is still home to a quarter of all undernourished people in the world. On an average, almost half of the total expenditure of nearly half of the households is on food. Which among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A landscape-scale approach to land use can encourage greater biodiversity outside protected areas. During hurricane 'Mitch' in 1998, farms using ecoagricultural practices suffered 58 percent, 70 percent and 99 percent less damage in Honduras, Nicaragua and Guatemala, respectively, than farms using conventional techniques. In Costa Rica, vegetative windbreaks and fencerows boosted farmers’ income from pasture and coffee while also increasing bird diversity. Bee pollination is more effective when agricultural fields are closer to natural or seminatural habitat, a finding that matters because 87 percent of the world’s 107 leading crops depend on animal pollinators. In Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Colombia silvopastoral systems that integrate trees with pastureland are improving the sustainability of cattle production, and diversifying and increasing farmers’ income. Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In a democratic State, where a high degree of political maturity of the people obtains, the conflict between the will of the sovereign law-making body and the organized will of the people seldom occurs. What does the above passage imply?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Disruption of traditional institutions, identifications, and loyalties is likely to lead to ambivalent situations. It is possible that some people may renew their identification with traditional groups whereas others align themselves with new groups and symbols emergent from processes of political development. In addition, political development tends to foster group awareness of a variety of class, tribe, region, clan, language, religion, occupation, and others. Which one of the following is the best explanation of the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are Lecturers from different cities — Hyderabad, Delhi, Shillong, Kanpur, Chennai, Mumbai, and Srinagar, not necessarily in the same order. Each one is specialized in a different subject: Economics, Commerce, History, Sociology, Geography, Mathematics, and Statistics. Further: 1. Lecturer from Kanpur is specialized in Geography. 2. Lecturer D is from Shillong. 3. Lecturer C from Delhi is specialized in Sociology. 4. Lecturer B is specialized in neither History nor Mathematics. 5. Lecturer A who is specialized in Economics does not belong to Hyderabad. 6. Lecturer F who is specialized in Commerce belongs to Srinagar. 7. Lecturer G who is specialized in Statistics belongs to Chennai. Who is specialized in Geography?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are Lecturers from different cities — Hyderabad, Delhi, Shillong, Kanpur, Chennai, Mumbai, and Srinagar, not necessarily in the same order. Each one is specialized in a different subject: Economics, Commerce, History, Sociology, Geography, Mathematics, and Statistics. Further: 1. Lecturer from Kanpur is specialized in Geography. 2. Lecturer D is from Shillong. 3. Lecturer C from Delhi is specialized in Sociology. 4. Lecturer B is specialized in neither History nor Mathematics. 5. Lecturer A who is specialized in Economics does not belong to Hyderabad. 6. Lecturer F who is specialized in Commerce belongs to Srinagar. 7. Lecturer G who is specialized in Statistics belongs to Chennai. Who of the following belongs to Hyderabad?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are Lecturers from different cities — Hyderabad, Delhi, Shillong, Kanpur, Chennai, Mumbai, and Srinagar, not necessarily in the same order. Each one is specialized in a different subject: Economics, Commerce, History, Sociology, Geography, Mathematics, and Statistics. Further: 1. Lecturer from Kanpur is specialized in Geography. 2. Lecturer D is from Shillong. 3. Lecturer C from Delhi is specialized in Sociology. 4. Lecturer B is specialized in neither History nor Mathematics. 5. Lecturer A who is specialized in Economics does not belong to Hyderabad. 6. Lecturer F who is specialized in Commerce belongs to Srinagar. 7. Lecturer G who is specialized in Statistics belongs to Chennai. To which city does the Lecturer specialized in Economics belong?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
The individual, according to Rousseau, puts his person and all his power in common under the supreme direction of the General Will and in our corporate capacity we receive each member as an indivisible part of the whole. In the light of the above passage, the nature of General Will is best described as2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
An innovative India will be inclusive as well as technologically advanced, improving the lives of all Indians. Innovation and R&D can mitigate increases in social inequality and relieve the pressures created by rapid urbanization. The growing divergence in productivity between agriculture and knowledge-intensive manufacturing and services threatens to increase income inequality. By encouraging India’s R&D labs and universities to focus on the needs of poor people and by improving the ability of informal firms to absorb knowledge, an innovation and research agenda can counter this effect. Inclusive innovation can lower the costs of goods and services and create income-earning opportunities for the poor people. Which among the following is the most logical and rational assumption that can be made from the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The man who is perpetually hesitating which of the two things he will do first, will do neither. The man who resolves, but suffers his resolution to be changed by the first counter-suggestion of a friend—who fluctuates from opinion to opinion and veers from plan to plan—can never accomplish anything. He will at best be stationary and probably retrograde in all. It is only the man who first consults wisely, then resolves firmly and then executes his purpose with inflexible perseverance, undismayed by those petty difficulties which daunt a weaker spirit—that can advance to eminence in any line. The keynote that seems to be emerging from the passage is that:2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
During the summer in the Arctic Ocean, sea ice has been melting earlier and faster, and the winter freeze has been coming later. In the last three decades, the extent of summer ice has declined by about 30 percent. The lengthening period of summer melt threatens to undermine the whole Arctic food web, atop which stand polar bears. Which among the following is the most crucial message conveyed by the above passage?2017 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services in particular, is a major factor underlying deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought through internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the Central Vigilance Commission and Comptroller and Auditor General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers envisaged that these safeguards would produce a civil service not totally subservient to the political executive but strong enough to function in the larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. Over the years, emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability to political leaders of the day, who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to society through elections. This system has not worked out and has led to adverse consequences for governance. Measures can be considered for improving accountability. Articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability. The respective roles of professional civil services and political executive should be defined so professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. Effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the Centre and in the States. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision-making closer to people also helps enhance accountability.\n\nAccording to the passage, which of the following factor/factors led to adverse consequences for governance/public administration? 1. Inability of civil services to strike a balance between internal and external accountabilities 2. Lack of sufficient professional training to officers of All India Services 3. Lack of proper service benefits in civil services 4. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive. Select the correct answer.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Governance passage
Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services in particular, is a major factor underlying deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought through internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the Central Vigilance Commission and Comptroller and Auditor General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers envisaged that these safeguards would produce a civil service not totally subservient to the political executive but strong enough to function in the larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. Over the years, emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability to political leaders of the day, who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to society through elections. This system has not worked out and has led to adverse consequences for governance. Measures can be considered for improving accountability. Articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability. The respective roles of professional civil services and political executive should be defined so professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. Effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the Centre and in the States. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision-making closer to people also helps enhance accountability.\n\nWith reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Political executive is an obstacle to the accountability of civil services to society. 2. In the present framework of Indian polity, political executive is no longer accountable to society. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference and Assumption
Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services in particular, is a major factor underlying deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought through internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the Central Vigilance Commission and Comptroller and Auditor General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers envisaged that these safeguards would produce a civil service not totally subservient to the political executive but strong enough to function in the larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. Over the years, emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability to political leaders of the day, who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to society through elections. This system has not worked out and has led to adverse consequences for governance. Measures can be considered for improving accountability. Articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability. The respective roles of professional civil services and political executive should be defined so professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. Effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the Centre and in the States. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision-making closer to people also helps enhance accountability.\n\nWhich one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services in particular, is a major factor underlying deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought through internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the Central Vigilance Commission and Comptroller and Auditor General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers envisaged that these safeguards would produce a civil service not totally subservient to the political executive but strong enough to function in the larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. Over the years, emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability to political leaders of the day, who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to society through elections. This system has not worked out and has led to adverse consequences for governance. Measures can be considered for improving accountability. Articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability. The respective roles of professional civil services and political executive should be defined so professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. Effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the Centre and in the States. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision-making closer to people also helps enhance accountability.\n\nAccording to the passage, which one of the following is NOT a means of enhancing internal accountability of civil services?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Explicit Detail
In general, religious traditions stress our duty to God, or to some universal ethical principle. Our duties to one another derive from these. The religious concept of rights is primarily derived from our relationship to this divinity or principle and the implication it has on our other relationships. This correspondence between rights and duties is critical to any further understanding of justice. But for justice to be practiced, rights and duties cannot remain formal abstractions. They must be grounded in a community bound together by a sense of common union. Even as a personal virtue, this solidarity is essential to the practice and understanding of justice.\n\nWith reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Human relationships are derived from their religious traditions. 2. Human beings can be duty bound only if they believe in God. 3. Religious traditions are essential to practice and understand justice. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumptions
In general, religious traditions stress our duty to God, or to some universal ethical principle. Our duties to one another derive from these. The religious concept of rights is primarily derived from our relationship to this divinity or principle and the implication it has on our other relationships. This correspondence between rights and duties is critical to any further understanding of justice. But for justice to be practiced, rights and duties cannot remain formal abstractions. They must be grounded in a community bound together by a sense of common union. Even as a personal virtue, this solidarity is essential to the practice and understanding of justice.\n\nWhich one of the following is the crux of this passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C fell sick. In light of the above facts, it can be said that the cause of sickness was:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Causal Reasoning
Consider the following statements: 1. The rate of population growth is increasing in the country. 2. The death rate is declining faster in the country compared to birth rate. 3. The birth rate is declining faster in the country compared to death rate. 4. Rural-urban migration is taking place regularly in the country. Which one of the following conclusions may be true in light of the above facts?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Statement and Conclusion
A person X was driving where all roads run either north-south or east-west, forming a grid with parallel roads 1 km apart. He started at an intersection, drove 3 km north, 3 km west and 4 km south. Which further route could bring him back to the starting point without repeating the same route?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Direction Sense
Consider the statement: “We shall go either for a picnic or for trekking.” Which of the following, if true, would falsify this claim?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Propositional Logic
There were 50 faculty members comprising 30 males and the rest females. No male faculty member knew music, but many female faculty members did. The Head invited six faculty members to a tea party by draw of lots. At the party it was discovered that no member knew music. The conclusion is that:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Inference
Five people A, B, C, D and E are seated around a round table with equally spaced chairs. (i) C is seated next to A. (ii) A is seated two seats from D. (iii) B is not seated next to A. On this basis, which of the following must be true? 1. D is seated next to B 2. E is seated next to A 3. D and C are separated by two seats.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Seating Arrangement
There are five hobby clubs in a college: photography, yachting, chess, electronics and gardening. Gardening meets every second day, electronics every third day, chess every fourth day, yachting every fifth day and photography every sixth day. How many times do all five groups meet on the same day within 180 days?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · LCM
There are some nectar-filled flowers on a tree and some bees hovering on it. If one bee lands on each flower, one bee is left out. If two bees land on each flower, one flower is left out. The numbers of flowers and bees respectively are:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Linear Equations
There are five persons in a group — P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.\n\nWho is the doctor?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Logic Puzzle
There are five persons in a group — P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.\n\nWho is the artist?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Logic Puzzle
There are five persons in a group — P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.\n\nWho is the spouse of R?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Logic Puzzle
There are five persons in a group — P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.\n\nWho is the lawyer?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Logic Puzzle
There are five persons in a group — P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.\n\nWho of the following is definitely a man?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Logic Puzzle
There is an order of 19,000 units of a product. The firm produces 1,000 units per day, of which 5% are unfit for sale. In how many days will the order be completed?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Percentage and Production
Biomass as fuel for power, heat and transport has very high mitigation potential among renewable sources. It comes from agricultural and forest residues as well as energy crops. The biggest challenge in using biomass residues is securing a long-term reliable supply at reasonable cost; logistics and collection costs are key problems. Energy crops, if not managed properly, compete with food production and may affect food prices. Biomass production is also sensitive to climate change. Projections of its future role may be overestimated because sustainable supply is limited unless technology greatly raises productivity. Some climate models rely on biomass-based carbon capture and storage, an unproven technology, to achieve negative emissions. Some liquid biofuels such as corn-based ethanol may aggravate rather than reduce lifecycle carbon emissions; second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels hold promise but remain under development.\n\nWhat is/are the present constraint/constraints in using biomass as fuel for power generation? 1. Lack of sustainable supply of biomass 2. Biomass production competes with food production 3. Bio-energy may not always be low carbon on a life-cycle basis.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Environment Passage
Biomass as fuel for power, heat and transport has very high mitigation potential among renewable sources. It comes from agricultural and forest residues as well as energy crops. The biggest challenge in using biomass residues is securing a long-term reliable supply at reasonable cost; logistics and collection costs are key problems. Energy crops, if not managed properly, compete with food production and may affect food prices. Biomass production is also sensitive to climate change. Projections of its future role may be overestimated because sustainable supply is limited unless technology greatly raises productivity. Some climate models rely on biomass-based carbon capture and storage, an unproven technology, to achieve negative emissions. Some liquid biofuels such as corn-based ethanol may aggravate rather than reduce lifecycle carbon emissions; second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels hold promise but remain under development.\n\nWhich of the following can lead to a food-security problem? 1. Using agricultural and forest residues as feedstock for power generation 2. Using biomass for carbon capture and storage 3. Promoting cultivation of energy crops.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Biomass as fuel for power, heat and transport has very high mitigation potential among renewable sources. It comes from agricultural and forest residues as well as energy crops. The biggest challenge in using biomass residues is securing a long-term reliable supply at reasonable cost; logistics and collection costs are key problems. Energy crops, if not managed properly, compete with food production and may affect food prices. Biomass production is also sensitive to climate change. Projections of its future role may be overestimated because sustainable supply is limited unless technology greatly raises productivity. Some climate models rely on biomass-based carbon capture and storage, an unproven technology, to achieve negative emissions. Some liquid biofuels such as corn-based ethanol may aggravate rather than reduce lifecycle carbon emissions; second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels hold promise but remain under development.\n\nIn the context of using biomass, which of the following is/are characteristic/characteristics of sustainable production of biofuel? 1. Biomass could meet all primary energy requirements of the world by 2050. 2. Biomass need not disrupt food and forest resources. 3. Biomass could help achieve negative emissions, given certain nascent technologies.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Biomass as fuel for power, heat and transport has very high mitigation potential among renewable sources. It comes from agricultural and forest residues as well as energy crops. The biggest challenge in using biomass residues is securing a long-term reliable supply at reasonable cost; logistics and collection costs are key problems. Energy crops, if not managed properly, compete with food production and may affect food prices. Biomass production is also sensitive to climate change. Projections of its future role may be overestimated because sustainable supply is limited unless technology greatly raises productivity. Some climate models rely on biomass-based carbon capture and storage, an unproven technology, to achieve negative emissions. Some liquid biofuels such as corn-based ethanol may aggravate rather than reduce lifecycle carbon emissions; second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels hold promise but remain under development.\n\nWith reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Some climate-energy models suggest biomass as fuel for power generation helps mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions. 2. It is not possible to use biomass as fuel without disrupting food and forest resources. Which assumption(s) is/are valid?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumption
We are witnessing a dangerous dwindling of biodiversity in our food supply. The Green Revolution is a mixed blessing. Farmers have come to rely heavily on broadly adapted, high-yield crops to the exclusion of varieties adapted to local conditions. Monocropping vast fields with genetically uniform seeds boosts yield and meets immediate hunger needs, yet high-yield varieties can be genetically weaker and require expensive chemical fertilisers and toxic pesticides. In focusing on increasing food production today, we may have put ourselves at risk of food shortages in the future.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical and critical inference that can be made from the passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Inference
A class starts at 11:00 a.m. and lasts till 2:27 p.m. Four periods of equal duration are held during this interval. After every period, a rest of 5 minutes is given to the students. The exact duration of each period is:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Time Calculation
Four friends A, B, C and D must cross a bridge at night with one lamp. At most two can cross at a time; a pair moves at the slower person's speed. The lamp must be carried for crossings, and after the final return of the lamp to the original side, that person crosses again without it. Their crossing times are A:1 minute, B:2 minutes, C:7 minutes and D:10 minutes. What is the total minimum time required for all friends to cross?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Bridge Crossing
30 g of sugar was mixed in 180 ml water in vessel A, 40 g in 280 ml water in vessel B and 20 g in 100 ml water in vessel C. The solution in vessel B is:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ratio and Concentration
In aid of charity, every student in a class contributes as many rupees as the number of students in that class. With an additional contribution of Rs. 2 by one student only, the total collection is Rs. 443. How many students are there?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Quadratic Reasoning
Anita's mathematics test had 70 equal-mark problems: 10 arithmetic, 30 algebra and 30 geometry. She answered 70% of arithmetic, 40% of algebra and 60% of geometry correctly. How many more questions would she need correct to reach 60% overall?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Percentages
In a class there are 18 very tall boys. If these constitute three-fourths of the boys and the total number of boys is two-thirds of all students, what is the number of girls?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Fractions
Consider the statements: 1. Either A and B are of the same age or A is older than B. 2. Either C and D are of the same age or D is older than C. 3. B is older than C. Which conclusion can be drawn?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Inequality Logic
The monthly average salary of all employees of a company was Rs. 5000. The monthly average salaries of male and female employees were Rs. 5200 and Rs. 4200 respectively. What percentage of employees were male?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Averages and Alligation
Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F are painted with six different colours—violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange—and arranged from left to right. Each contains one ball from cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball. The golf ball is in the violet box and not in D. Box A contains the tennis ball, is orange and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in D nor E and is neither in the blue nor yellow box. Box C contains the cricket ball and is green. C is fifth from the right and next to B. B contains the volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing the golf ball and volleyball.\n\nWhich one of the following boxes contains the golf ball?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F are painted with six different colours—violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange—and arranged from left to right. Each contains one ball from cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball. The golf ball is in the violet box and not in D. Box A contains the tennis ball, is orange and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in D nor E and is neither in the blue nor yellow box. Box C contains the cricket ball and is green. C is fifth from the right and next to B. B contains the volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing the golf ball and volleyball.\n\nWhich of the following statements is/are correct?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F are painted with six different colours—violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange—and arranged from left to right. Each contains one ball from cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball. The golf ball is in the violet box and not in D. Box A contains the tennis ball, is orange and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in D nor E and is neither in the blue nor yellow box. Box C contains the cricket ball and is green. C is fifth from the right and next to B. B contains the volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing the golf ball and volleyball.\n\nThe football is in the box of which colour?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
Two numbers X and Y are respectively 20% and 28% less than a third number Z. By what percentage is Y less than X?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Percentages
A daily train service is to run between stations A and B, with a train starting from each end at 6 a.m.; each journey takes 42 hours. What number of trains is needed to maintain the shuttle service?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Time and Scheduling
A piece of tin is a rectangle 12 cm by 8 cm and is used to construct a closed cube. The side of the cube is:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Mensuration
A question paper has five questions, each answered True or False. No two candidates give an identical five-answer sequence. What is the maximum number of candidates possible?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Counting
By killing transparency and competition, crony capitalism is harmful to free enterprise, opportunity and economic growth. Crony capitalism, where the rich and influential are alleged to have received land, natural resources and licences in return for payoffs to venal politicians, is a major issue to be tackled. One of the greatest dangers to growth of developing economies like India is the middle-income trap where crony capitalism creates oligarchies that slow down growth.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Climate adaptation may be rendered ineffective if policies are not designed in the context of other development concerns. For instance, a comprehensive strategy that seeks to improve food security in the context of climate change may include coordinated measures related to agricultural extension, crop diversification, integrated water and pest management and agricultural information services. Some of these measures may have to do with climate change and others with economic development.\n\nWhat is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Understanding the role of biodiversity in the hydrological cycle enables better policy-making. Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals, microorganisms and ecosystems in which they occur. Water and biodiversity are interdependent. The hydrological cycle influences how biodiversity functions; in turn, vegetation and soil drive the movement of water. Water passing through ecosystems is cleansed and made fit for consumption. The supply of water is a critical service that the environment provides.\n\nWhich among the following is the most critical inference that can be made from the above passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
In the last decade, the banking sector has been restructured with a high degree of automation and products that mainly serve middle-class and upper-middle-class society. Today there is need for a new agenda for banking and non-banking financial services that does not exclude the common man.\n\nWhich one of the following is the message essentially implied in the passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
Safe and sustainable sanitation in slums has immeasurable benefits to women and girls in terms of health, safety, privacy and dignity. However, women do not feature in most schemes and policies on urban sanitation. The continued existence of manual scavenging shows that not enough has been done to promote pour-flush toilets and discontinue dry latrines. A sustained campaign towards the right to sanitation is needed, with abolition of manual scavenging as a primary focus.\n\nWith reference to the passage, consider the following statements: 1. Urban sanitation problems can be fully solved by abolition of manual scavenging only. 2. There is a need to promote greater awareness on safe sanitation practices in urban areas. Which statement(s) is/are correct?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
To understand the nature and quantity of government proper for man, it is necessary to attend to his character. Nature created him for social life and fitted him for that station. His natural wants are greater than his individual powers. No one man is capable, without the aid of society, of supplying his own wants; and those wants impel individuals into society.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
The nature of the legal imperatives in any given state corresponds to the effective demands that state encounters, and these in turn depend, in a general way, upon the manner in which economic power is distributed in the society which the state controls.\n\nThe statement refers to:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Conceptual Inference
About 15 percent of global greenhouse-gas emissions come from agricultural practices, including nitrous oxide from fertilizers, methane from livestock, rice production and manure storage, and carbon dioxide from burning biomass. Forestry, land use and land-use change account for another substantial share, much of it from tropical deforestation. The remainder is largely from draining and burning tropical peatland; peatlands store enormous quantities of carbon.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
A person climbs a hill in a straight path from point O in the north-east direction and reaches A after 5 km. From A he moves to B in the north-west direction for 12 km. How far is he from O?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Geometry and Directions
An agricultural field is rectangular, with length X1 metres and breadth X2 metres, where X1 + X2 = 40 metres. The area of the field will not exceed which value?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Maxima and Mensuration
The sum of the ages of five family members three years ago was 80 years. The average age of the family today is the same as it was three years ago because a baby was added during the intervening period. How old is the baby?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Averages and Ages
The total emoluments of two persons are the same, but one gets allowances equal to 65% of basic pay and the other 80% of basic pay. The ratio of the basic pay of the former to the latter is:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ratio
A person is standing on the first step from the bottom of a ladder. If he must climb four more steps to reach exactly the middle step, how many steps does the ladder have?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Number Reasoning
When three friends A, B and C met, each wore a different outer garment and a different colour. The garments were jacket, sweater and tie; the colours were blue, white and black. Their surnames were Kumar, Singh and Ribeiro. Neither B nor Ribeiro wore a white sweater. C wore a tie. Singh's garment was not white. Kumar did not wear a jacket. Ribeiro did not like to wear black. Each friend wore only one garment of one colour.\n\nWhat is C's surname?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
When three friends A, B and C met, each wore a different outer garment and a different colour. The garments were jacket, sweater and tie; the colours were blue, white and black. Their surnames were Kumar, Singh and Ribeiro. Neither B nor Ribeiro wore a white sweater. C wore a tie. Singh's garment was not white. Kumar did not wear a jacket. Ribeiro did not like to wear black. Each friend wore only one garment of one colour.\n\nWhat is the colour of the tie?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
When three friends A, B and C met, each wore a different outer garment and a different colour. The garments were jacket, sweater and tie; the colours were blue, white and black. Their surnames were Kumar, Singh and Ribeiro. Neither B nor Ribeiro wore a white sweater. C wore a tie. Singh's garment was not white. Kumar did not wear a jacket. Ribeiro did not like to wear black. Each friend wore only one garment of one colour.\n\nWho wore the sweater?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Arrangement Puzzle
A vertical tree trunk is broken at a point 12 metres above the ground. The broken top remains attached and its end touches the ground 5 metres from the base. What was the original height of the tree?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Pythagoras
A person walks 12 km north, 15 km east, 19 km west and then 15 km south. How far is he from the starting point?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Direction and Distance
A cube has all its faces painted with different colours. It is cut into equal smaller cubes whose side is one-fourth that of the big cube. How many small cubes have only one side painted?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Cubes
Ram and Shyam work together for four days and complete 60% of a job. Ram then leaves and Shyam works eight more days to finish it. How long would Ram take to complete the entire job alone?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Time and Work
A military code writes SYSTEM as SYSMET and NEARER as AENRER. Using the same code, FRACTION can be written as:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Coding-Decoding
If R and S are different integers both divisible by 5, which of the following is not necessarily true?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Divisibility
How many numbers are there between 100 and 300 which either begin with or end with 2?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Counting and Digits
As we look to 2050, when we will need to feed two billion more people, the question of which diet is best takes on new urgency. The foods we choose to eat in coming decades will have dramatic ramifications for the planet. A diet revolving around meat and dairy—an eating pattern on the rise throughout the developing world—will take a greater toll on the world's resources than one revolving around unrefined grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables.\n\nWhat is the critical message conveyed by the passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Main Idea
All humans digest mother's milk as infants, but until cattle began being domesticated about 10,000 years ago, children once weaned no longer needed to digest milk and stopped making much of the enzyme lactase. After humans began herding cattle, it became advantageous to digest milk, and lactose tolerance evolved independently among cattle herders in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Groups not dependent on cattle, such as the Chinese and Thai, largely remained lactose intolerant.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical assumption that can be made from the passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Assumption
The conceptual difficulties in National Income comparisons between underdeveloped and industrialised countries are particularly serious because a part of the national output in various underdeveloped countries is produced without passing through commercial channels.\n\nIn the above statement, the author implies that:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
An increase in human-made carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could initiate a chain reaction between plants and microorganisms that would unsettle one of the largest carbon reservoirs on the planet—soil. Soil contains roughly twice the carbon present in plants and the atmosphere combined. Higher carbon dioxide can increase plant growth; roots of flourishing vegetation can stimulate microbial activity in soil, which may accelerate decomposition of soil carbon and its release back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.\n\nWhich among the following is the most logical corollary to the passage?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Historically, the biggest challenge to world agriculture has been to achieve a balance between demand for and supply of food. At the level of individual countries, this can be critical for a closed and populous economy whose domestic agriculture does not grow sufficiently, while an open growing economy with adequate foreign exchange may buy food abroad. For the world as a whole, supply-demand balance is indispensable for warding off hunger and starvation. Yet adequate global supply does not ensure food will move from surplus countries to deficit countries when the latter lack purchasing power. Uneven hunger and malnutrition are therefore concentrated in poorer economies. Worldwide food supply is gaining importance because the quantum and composition of demand are changing and countries' capabilities to maintain uninterrupted supplies are under strain. Food production, marketing and prices—especially affordability for the poor—need global thinking and solutions.\n\nAccording to the passage, which of the following are fundamental solutions for the world food-security problem? 1. Setting up more agro-based industries 2. Improving price affordability by the poor 3. Regulating the conditions of marketing 4. Providing food subsidy to one and all. Select the correct answer.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Passage Detail
Historically, the biggest challenge to world agriculture has been to achieve a balance between demand for and supply of food. At the level of individual countries, this can be critical for a closed and populous economy whose domestic agriculture does not grow sufficiently, while an open growing economy with adequate foreign exchange may buy food abroad. For the world as a whole, supply-demand balance is indispensable for warding off hunger and starvation. Yet adequate global supply does not ensure food will move from surplus countries to deficit countries when the latter lack purchasing power. Uneven hunger and malnutrition are therefore concentrated in poorer economies. Worldwide food supply is gaining importance because the quantum and composition of demand are changing and countries' capabilities to maintain uninterrupted supplies are under strain. Food production, marketing and prices—especially affordability for the poor—need global thinking and solutions.\n\nAccording to the passage, the biggest challenge to world agriculture is:2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Explicit Detail
Historically, the biggest challenge to world agriculture has been to achieve a balance between demand for and supply of food. At the level of individual countries, this can be critical for a closed and populous economy whose domestic agriculture does not grow sufficiently, while an open growing economy with adequate foreign exchange may buy food abroad. For the world as a whole, supply-demand balance is indispensable for warding off hunger and starvation. Yet adequate global supply does not ensure food will move from surplus countries to deficit countries when the latter lack purchasing power. Uneven hunger and malnutrition are therefore concentrated in poorer economies. Worldwide food supply is gaining importance because the quantum and composition of demand are changing and countries' capabilities to maintain uninterrupted supplies are under strain. Food production, marketing and prices—especially affordability for the poor—need global thinking and solutions.\n\nAccording to the passage, which of the following helps/help in reducing hunger and starvation in developing economies? 1. Balancing demand and supply of food 2. Increasing imports of food 3. Increasing purchasing power of the poor 4. Changing food-consumption patterns and practices. Select the correct answer.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inference
Historically, the biggest challenge to world agriculture has been to achieve a balance between demand for and supply of food. At the level of individual countries, this can be critical for a closed and populous economy whose domestic agriculture does not grow sufficiently, while an open growing economy with adequate foreign exchange may buy food abroad. For the world as a whole, supply-demand balance is indispensable for warding off hunger and starvation. Yet adequate global supply does not ensure food will move from surplus countries to deficit countries when the latter lack purchasing power. Uneven hunger and malnutrition are therefore concentrated in poorer economies. Worldwide food supply is gaining importance because the quantum and composition of demand are changing and countries' capabilities to maintain uninterrupted supplies are under strain. Food production, marketing and prices—especially affordability for the poor—need global thinking and solutions.\n\nThe issue of worldwide supply of food has gained importance mainly because of: 1. Overgrowth of population worldwide 2. Sharp decline in the area of food production 3. Limitation in the capabilities for sustained supply of food. Select the correct answer.2016 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Passage Detail
Four-digit numbers are to be formed using digits 1, 2, 3 and 4 without repetition. Further: 2 and 3 are not to immediately follow each other; 1 is not to be immediately followed by 3; 4 is not to appear last; and 1 is not to appear first. How many different numbers can be formed?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Permutations with Restrictions
A cylindrical overhead tank of radius 2 m and height 7 m is to be filled from an underground tank of size 5.5 m × 4 m × 6 m. What portion of the underground tank remains filled after the overhead tank is completely filled?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Mensuration
In a class of 60 students, the number of girls is twice the number of boys. Kamal, a boy, ranks seventeenth from the top. If nine girls are ahead of Kamal, how many boys rank after him?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ranking
A and B walk around a circular park from the same point at 8 a.m. in opposite directions. Their speeds are 2 and 3 rounds per hour respectively. How many times do they cross each other after 8:00 a.m. and before 9:30 a.m.?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Circular Motion
W can do 25% of a work in 30 days, X can do one-fourth in 10 days, Y can do 40% in 40 days and Z can do one-third in 13 days. Who will complete the entire work first?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Time and Work
The average monthly income per person in a family of five is Rs. 10,000. What will be the new average monthly income per person if one person's income increases by Rs. 1,20,000 per year?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Average
In a race, six apples lie in a straight line. A bucket is at the starting point, 5 m from the first apple; successive apples are 3 m apart. The competitor may carry only one apple at a time and must return each to the bucket. What total distance must be run?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Arithmetic Progression
A circular archery target has diameter 1 m. Its central red region has radius 0.20 m. Assuming arrows are uniformly distributed over the target area, what is the probability an arrow falls in the red region?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Probability and Area
A seller allows a 10% cash discount on the marked price of a toy and still makes a 10% gain. If the marked price is Rs. 770, what is the cost price?2016 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Profit and Loss
Passage on historical claims that governing rights belong to a select few and exclusion is justified for societal viability. Which statement is least essential to the passage's argument?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Governance and exclusion
Candidates in a competitive examination consisted of 60% men and 40% women. 70% of men and 75% of women cleared the qualifying test and entered the final test, where 80% of men and 70% of women were successful. Which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Passage: by 2050 population growth, changing diets, climate change and finite land/water will strain food supply; higher yields, efficiency and waste reduction are needed. What best summarizes it?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Food security
In a box of marbles, there are three less white marbles than the red ones and five more white marbles than the green ones. If there are 10 white marbles, how many marbles are there in the box?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic
Passage argues against the belief that cutting weapon-building expenditure will by itself create peace with neighbours. Which assumption is most valid?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Defence and deterrence
A cow costs more than 4 goats but less than 5 goats. If a goat costs between Rs. 600 and Rs. 800, which is the most valid conclusion?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Quantification
Passage links India's high child mortality to gaps in breastfeeding, immunisation, maternal care, child marriage, anaemia and sanitation. What critical inference follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Maternal and child health
In a plane, line X is perpendicular to line Y and parallel to line Z; line U is perpendicular to both lines V and W; line X is perpendicular to line V. Which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Geometry and Reasoning
Passage describes environmental and food-security costs of long-distance processed food. Consider: I. Regionally grown food can be eco-friendly. II. Food processing can burden natural resources. Which is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Food systems and environment
A society consists only of fighters and cowards. Two cowards are always enemies; a fighter and a coward are always enemies; fighters are indifferent to one another. If A and B are enemies, C and D are friends, E and F are indifferent, A and E are not enemies, while B and F are enemies, which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
In the passage, the author says a thoughtless word hardly escapes his tongue or pen. Which is NOT a valid reason?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Gandhi on silence
Two men, Anil and David, and two women, Shabnam and Rekha, are in a sales group. Only two speak Tamil and the other two speak Marathi. Only one man and one woman can drive. Shabnam speaks Marathi; Anil speaks Tamil; both Rekha and David can drive. Which statement is true?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
From the same passage, why was the author spared many a mishap?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Gandhi on speech
In a society it is customary for friends of the same sex to hug and friends of opposite sex to shake hands. A group of friends met at a party and there were 24 handshakes. Which of the following could be the number of hugs?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
For the author, silence is necessary to overcome which tendency?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Gandhi on silence
A, B, C, D, E and F are cousins of different ages from 17 to 22, with birthdays on the same day and month. E is the oldest at 22. F is somewhere between B and D in age. A is older than B; C is older than D; A is one year older than C. Which is possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
Twelve people form a club. Each month one member is chosen by lot to host a dinner. How many dinners must a particular member host in one year?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Probability
Using the same cousin-age conditions—A, B, C, D, E and F have distinct ages 17 to 22; E=22; F is between B and D; A>B; C>D; and A is one year older than C—what is the number of logically possible orders in increasing age?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
Petrol price and monthly consumption are: ₹40→60 L, ₹50→48 L, ₹60→40 L, ₹75→32 L. If price becomes ₹80/L, expected consumption is?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Inverse proportion
Two cities A and B are 360 km apart. A car goes from A to B at 40 km/h and returns to A at 60 km/h. What is the average speed for the round trip?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed Time Distance
Figure-based sequence question: choose the figure that fits the question mark in the original 2015 Set-A paper.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Figure sequence
The monthly incomes of Peter and Paul are in the ratio 4:3 and their expenses are in the ratio 3:2. If each saves Rs. 6000 at the end of the month, what are their respective monthly incomes?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio and Algebra
Matrix rows are (3,8,10,2,?,1) and (6,56,90,2,20,0). What is the missing number?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Number matrix
Between 6 PM and 7 PM, the minute hand of a clock will be ahead of the hour hand by 3 minute-spaces at2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Clocks
Find X in the series 7, X, 21, 31, 43.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Number series
Passage: Climate-change mitigation and adaptation require substantial finance. Developing countries’ domestic resources may fall short, while UNFCCC negotiations debate developed-country financial support in light of historical greenhouse-gas contributions. Which issue is essentially discussed?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Figure-based question: four cardboard pieces are shown in the original paper. Which option can be formed by joining them?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Spatial assembly
There are five tasks and five persons. Task 1 cannot be assigned to Person 1 or Person 2. Task 2 must be assigned to either Person 3 or Person 4. Every person is assigned exactly one task. In how many ways can the assignment be done?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Permutations
A candidate attempted 8 questions, scoring 50% on each. His overall test score was 40%, with all questions equally weighted. How many questions were in the test?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Percentages
Passage: Climate-change action imposes costs; developing-country domestic finances may be inadequate and multilateral finance is needed. It can be inferred that climate change is likely to have implications on developing countries’ 1. domestic finances 2. capacity for multilateral trade.2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A father is 9 times his son's age and the mother is 8 times the son's age. Together the parents are 51. What is the son's age?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ages
Passage: Under UNFCCC negotiations, financial support for developing-country mitigation and adaptation is debated. Which are matters of intense debate? 1. Scale and size of required financial support 2. Crop loss due to climate change 3. Enhancement of mitigation and adaptation actions in developing countries.2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A,B,C,D form two married couples. Both women are shorter than their husbands; A is tallest; C is taller than B; D is B's brother. Which statement is NOT correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Family and ordering
Passage: The conflict between State and individual has persisted for centuries. Human society is dynamic, and absolute freedom of speech and action could lead to chaos and anarchy. Which statement best sums up the author’s viewpoint?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A man has a wife, two sons and two daughters. The daughters attend a feast; male family members go to a picnic; the man's father has not returned from work. Which statement is true?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Family inference
Passage: UNFCCC places responsibility for climate financial support on developed countries, taking account of their contribution to accumulated greenhouse gases. Why is the responsibility placed on developed countries? 1. Higher per-capita incomes 2. Larger GDP 3. Large contribution to the stock of GHGs.2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Geeta says Naresh became a better boxer after meditation. Radha says this is impossible because aggression is a boxer's most important asset. What belief underlies Radha's statement?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Assumption
Passage: No right is absolute. The right of personal property must be viewed with liberty, equality and cooperation. Which is the most convincing explanation?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
All good athletes want to win; all athletes who want to win eat a balanced diet. What is the best conclusion?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Syllogism
Passage: India’s persistent inflation is linked to administered-price increases, demand-supply imbalances, imported inflation, depreciation and speculation; several are outcomes of economic reforms such as trade liberalisation and subsidy reduction. What is the most logical message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage says richer States have greater capacity and responsibility to cut carbon emissions, promote clean energy and support poorer States. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Renewable energy and federal burden
Usha runs faster than Kamala; Priti runs slower than Swati; and Swati runs slower than Kamala. Who is the slowest runner?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
A story describes Guleri's suicide after her husband Manak is remarried under family pressure because the couple had no child. What issue is the story primarily meant to sensitize readers about?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Patriarchy
Consider the statements: life on other heavenly bodies is considered possible and space voyage is an established fact. What can definitely be concluded about UFOs?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Passage says government's ultimate aim is not rule by fear but freeing people from fear so they can live securely, develop mind and body, and use reason. What inference follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Purpose of government
Year-wise variation of the price of a commodity is shown in the original UPSC graph (figure reference: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CSAT-2015-Q58.png?resize=300%2C238&ssl=1). The price of the commodity in the year 1980:2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Passage says municipal corporations are understaffed and often lack technical, managerial and professional competencies required for complex urban services. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Urban governance capacity
The original UPSC bar charts compare expenditure by Families A and B (figure reference: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CSAT-2015-Q59.png?resize=300%2C238&ssl=1). Family A spends Rs.20,000 monthly with 50% on food; Family B spends Rs.1,00,000 with 10% on food. What follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Passage notes flamingos are social, perform group mating displays and place chicks in creches while adults forage. What is the most logical corollary?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Animal social behaviour
If ABC × DEED = ABCABC, where A, B, C, D and E are different digits, what are D and E?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number System
Passage describes electronic MGNREGS wage payments but notes many rural beneficiaries still depend on village leaders due to financial and technological illiteracy. What crucial message follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Financial literacy and MGNREGS
Statements: Some men are great. Some men are wise. Conclusions: I. Men are either great or wise. II. Some men are neither great nor wise. Which is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Syllogism
Passage warns against focusing exclusively on economic growth and supports balanced investment in non-income dimensions of human development. Consider: I. A strong institutional framework is the only requirement for human development. II. Human development and economic growth are not always positively inter-related. III. Focusing only on human development should be the goal of economic growth. Which is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Human development
Each face of a cube has a different colour V, I, B, G, Y and O. Y, O and B are on adjacent faces; I, G and Y are on adjacent faces; B, G and Y are on adjacent faces. Which colour is opposite O?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
From the same human-development passage, assess assumptions: I. Higher economic growth is essential to reduce economic disparity. II. Environmental degradation can sometimes result from economic growth.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Growth and environment
Pipes A and B can fill a tank independently in 20 and 30 minutes. If opened together, how long will they take?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time and Work
The number of persons who read magazine X only is thrice the number of persons who read magazine Y, and the number who read magazine Y only is thrice the number who read magazine X. Conclusions: 1. Those reading both are twice those reading only X. 2. Total readers of either or both are twice those reading both. Which conclusion(s) follow?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
A, B, C and D each start with ₹100. A pays ₹20 to B; B pays ₹10 to C; C receives ₹30 from D. Which statement is NOT correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Money transfers
The original UPSC graph depicts earnings of A and B from 2000 to 2010 (figure reference: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CSAT-2015-Q52.png?resize=300%2C242&ssl=1). Which conclusion is supported?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
In a town, 45% read magazine A, 55% B, 40% C; 30% read A&B, 15% B&C, 25% A&C and 10% all three. What percentage read none?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Set theory
A person ordered 5 pairs of black socks and x pairs of brown socks. A black pair costs three times a brown pair. The clerk interchanged the quantities, making the bill 100% higher. What was x?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
Given: lady's finger is tastier than cabbage; cauliflower is tastier than lady's finger; cabbage is not tastier than peas. What conclusion follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Ordering
A student must choose 2 of Commerce, Economics, Statistics, Mathematics I and Mathematics II. Mathematics II can be chosen only if Mathematics I is also chosen. How many valid two-subject combinations are possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
Shahid and Rohit start from the same point in opposite directions. After every 1 km Shahid turns left and Rohit turns right. Which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Direction sense
Passage: Government sometimes requires discretionary powers, but such power must remain within recognized rules, safeguards and predictable principles to prevent abuse. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In a 500 m race, B starts 45 m ahead of A. A finishes while B is still 35 m short of the finish. Find speed ratio A:B.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Race and speed
A committee must select one Principal and two Vice-Principals from six persons, of whom only two are eligible to be Principal. How many selections are possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Combinatorics
Two equal glasses are respectively 1/3 and 1/4 full of milk, then filled with water and mixed. What is the ratio of milk to water?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Mixture
Passage on formal financial institutions and rural savings. Statements: 1. Indian financial institutions offer no financial instruments to rural households. 2. Poor households tend to spend earnings/savings when they lack access to appropriate financial instruments. Which is/are correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Of 130 students, 62 failed English, 52 failed Mathematics and 24 failed both. How many passed both subjects?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Set theory
Passage on formal financial institutions and rural savings. What is the crucial message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In a bus group, 6 speak Tamil, 15 Hindi, 6 Gujarati; nobody speaks another language. Two people speak exactly two languages and one speaks all three. How many people are in the group?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Set theory and languages
Passage criticizes caste/community/religious favouritism as making democracy phoney and urges respect for persons and opportunities based on merit. Which statement best sums it up?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In a parking area, total wheels of cars and two-wheelers are 100 more than twice the total number of vehicles. How many cars are parked?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Linear equations
Passage: Open defecation contaminates food and water, spreads disease, contributes to malnutrition, stunting and impaired cognitive development. What is the most critical inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Statement describes mangrove leaf litter feeding fungi/bacteria, worms, crustaceans, fish, birds and crocodiles. What is the most logical inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Mangrove food chains
“By liberty I mean the eager maintenance of that atmosphere in which men have the opportunity to be their best selves.” Which interpretation is best?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
“By liberty I mean the eager maintenance of that atmosphere in which men have the opportunity to be their best selves.” What view is implied?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Liberty
Passage: Advanced-economy portfolio investment in emerging markets has risen sharply, and reversal of US quantitative easing could trigger a chain reaction. What is the most rational inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage says climate change worsens hunger and malnutrition among poor communities, while poverty can drive unsustainable resource use that worsens climate change. What is the most logical corollary?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate change and poverty
Passage: Poverty can make people more vulnerable to climate impacts, while climate impacts can deepen poverty through food insecurity, livelihood loss and price shocks. What is the most logical message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage notes rising portfolio investment from advanced to emerging economies and warns that reversal of US quantitative easing could trigger instability. What is the most rational inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Foreign portfolio investment risk
Mangroves shed large quantities of leaves; decomposers consume the litter, tiny organisms feed on them, and fish, birds and crocodiles feed further up the chain. What is the most logical inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage explains how open defecation contaminates food and water, spreads disease, worsens malnutrition and stunting, and harms cognitive development. What is the most critical inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Open defecation and human capital
In a parking area, the total number of wheels of cars (four-wheelers) and scooters/motorbikes (two-wheelers) is 100 more than twice the number of parked vehicles. How many cars are parked?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
Passage criticizes caste/community/religious favouritism and argues that people should be respected as individuals and given opportunities on merit. What best summarizes it?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Democracy and equal opportunity
In a bus group, 6 persons speak Tamil, 15 Hindi and 6 Gujarati. Two persons speak exactly two languages and one speaks all three; nobody speaks any other language. How many persons are in the group?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
Passage says formal financial institutions and suitable instruments help households save, but poor rural households often lack access and may spend savings immediately. Consider: I. Indian institutions offer no instruments to rural households. II. Poor households may spend earnings because they lack access to suitable instruments. Which is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Savings and financial access
Two equal glasses are respectively 1/3 and 1/4 full of milk, then filled with water and mixed. What is the ratio of milk to water?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio
From the same passage on savings and access to financial institutions, what is the crucial message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Financial inclusion
Out of 130 students, 62 failed English, 52 failed Mathematics and 24 failed both. How many passed finally?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
Passage says governments sometimes need discretionary power but it must operate under parliamentary authorization, rules and safeguards to prevent abuse. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Administrative discretion and rule of law
In a 500-metre race, B starts 45 metres ahead of A, but when A finishes, B is still 35 metres behind the finish. What is the ratio of A’s speed to B’s?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed Time Distance
One Principal and two Vice-Principals are to be selected from six candidates. Only two candidates are eligible for Principal; all six are eligible for Vice-Principal. How many possible combinations of selectees are there?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Combinations
Statements: Lady’s finger is tastier than cabbage; cauliflower is tastier than lady’s finger; cabbage is not tastier than peas. What conclusion follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A student must choose 2 subjects from Commerce, Economics, Statistics, Mathematics I and Mathematics II. Mathematics II may be chosen only with Mathematics I. How many valid combinations are possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Combinations
Shahid and Rohit start from the same point in opposite directions. After every 1 km Shahid turns left and Rohit turns right. Which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction Sense
A person orders 5 pairs of black socks and x pairs of brown socks. A black pair costs three times a brown pair. The clerk swaps the quantities, doubling the bill. How many brown pairs were originally ordered?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Algebra
In a town, 45% read magazine A, 55% B, 40% C, 30% A and B, 15% B and C, 25% A and C, and 10% all three. What percentage read none?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
Magazine X-only readers are three times all Y readers, while Y-only readers are three times all X readers. Consider: I. Both-magazine readers are twice X-only readers. II. Total readers of either/both are twice both-magazine readers. Which conclusion follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Set relationships
A, B, C and D each have Rs.100. A pays Rs.20 to B; B pays Rs.10 to C; C receives Rs.30 from D. Which statement is not correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic
Figure-based question: the original graph compares earnings of A and B from 2000 to 2010. Which conclusion follows from the graph?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Data Interpretation · Line graph
If A runs less fast than B, and B runs as fast as but not faster than C, then compared with A, C runs2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Pipes A and B can fill a tank independently in 20 and 30 minutes. If opened together, how long do they take?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Pipes and cisterns
Passage on human development: exclusive focus on economic growth can produce adverse distributional and environmental effects. Assumptions: 1. Higher growth is essential to reduce economic disparity. 2. Environmental degradation is sometimes a consequence of economic growth. Which is/are valid?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A cube's six faces are colored V,I,B,G,Y,O. Given adjacent triples Y-O-B, I-G-Y, B-G-Y and O-V-B, which color is opposite O?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Cube faces
From the same human-development passage, consider: 1. A strong institutional framework is the only requirement for human development. 2. Human development and economic growth are not always positively inter-related. 3. Focusing only on human development should be the goal. Which is/are correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Statements: Some men are great. Some men are wise. Conclusions: I. Men are either great or wise. II. Some men are neither great nor wise. Which is valid?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Syllogism
Passage on electronic MGNREGS wage payments: many rural beneficiaries with bank accounts still depend on village leaders because of financial, functional and technological illiteracy. What is the crucial message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Statements: some claim to have seen UFOs; life elsewhere is considered possible; space voyages are established. What can be concluded about UFOs?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Inference
Passage: Flamingos form large social flocks, perform group mating dances and protect chicks in creches while adults forage. What is the most logical corollary?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
If ABC × DEED = ABCABC, where A,B,C,D,E are distinct digits, what are D and E?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Cryptarithm
Passage: The aim of government is not rule by fear but to free people from fear, secure their right to exist and work without injury, and allow reason and development. What is the most logical inference?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Figure-based question: a graph shows year-wise variation in a commodity's price. What can be concluded about its price in 1990?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Data Interpretation · Price graph
Passage from “Stench of Kerosene”: family pressure for an heir leads to a second marriage and tragic consequences. The story primarily sensitizes readers about2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Figure-based question: monthly expenditure charts show Family A spends 50% of ₹20,000 on food and Family B spends 10% of ₹1,00,000 on food. What follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Data Interpretation · Bar charts
Passage: Municipal corporations are understaffed and recruitment rules do not adequately require the technical and managerial competencies needed for complex urban services. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Usha runs faster than Kamala; Priti slower than Swati; Swati slower than Kamala. Who is slowest?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Ordering
All good athletes want to win, and all athletes who want to win eat a well-balanced diet. What is the best conclusion?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Passage links persistent inflation to administered prices, supply-demand pressures, imported inflation, currency depreciation and speculation, while noting that some pressures can accompany economic reform and trade liberalisation. What is the most logical message?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Inflation and economic reforms
Passage: Richer States have greater responsibility and capacity to reduce carbon emissions, invest in clean energy and support poorer States, while financially stressed State Electricity Boards are reluctant to adopt costlier renewable energy. What is the most logical assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage argues that no right is absolute and that personal property must be reconciled with liberty, equality and cooperation. Which inference best reflects the passage?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Property rights and economic justice
Geeta says Naresh has become a better boxer since he started meditation. Radha replies that this is impossible because a boxer’s most important asset is aggressiveness. Radha’s statement reflects her belief that2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Passage discusses the continuing conflict between individual freedom and State authority, warning that absolute freedom can produce chaos. Which statement best follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Liberty and state authority
Consider: 1. A man had a wife, two sons and two daughters in his family. 2. The daughters were invited to a feast and the male members went out for a picnic. 3. The man’s father did not return from work. Which statement is true?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A passage on UNFCCC climate finance discusses support from developed to developing countries. Which matters are subjects of intense debate? 1. Scale and size of required financial support 2. Crop loss in developing countries 3. Enhancing mitigation and adaptation actions in developing countries.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate finance
Four persons A, B, C and D, consisting of two married couples, form a group. Both women are shorter than their respective husbands. A is tallest, C is taller than B, and D is B’s brother. Which statement is not correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
Why does the passage place greater responsibility on developed countries to provide climate support? 1. Higher per-capita income 2. Larger GDP 3. Larger historical contribution to atmospheric greenhouse-gas stock.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate responsibility
Four cardboard pieces of specific shapes are shown in the original UPSC figure. Figure: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CSAT-2015-Q14.png?resize=130%2C193&ssl=1 . Which figure can be formed by joining these pieces?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
From the climate-finance passage, what implications arise for developing countries? 1. Mobilisation/use of domestic finances 2. Multilateral trade.2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate finance implications
A father is nine times as old as his son and the mother is eight times as old as the son. The sum of the father’s and mother’s ages is 51 years. What is the age of the son?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ages
What is essentially discussed in the climate-finance passage?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Reading Comprehension · Climate negotiations
In a test, a candidate attempted only 8 questions and secured 50% marks in each attempted question. If the candidate obtained 40% of the total marks and all questions carried equal marks, how many questions were there in the test?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Between 6 and 7 o'clock, when is the minute hand ahead of the hour hand by 3 minute-spaces?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Clock problems
What is the missing number X in the series 7, X, 21, 31, 43?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Series
Five different tasks are to be assigned to five persons, one task each. Task 1 cannot be assigned to person 1 or 2, and Task 2 must be assigned to person 3 or 4. How many valid assignments are possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Assignments and permutations
An automobile owner reduced monthly petrol consumption as prices rose: Rs.40→60 litres, Rs.50→48 litres, Rs.60→40 litres, Rs.75→32 litres. If price becomes Rs.80 per litre, expected consumption is2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Peter and Paul have incomes in the ratio 4:3 and expenditures in the ratio 3:2. Each saves ₹6,000. What are their respective incomes?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ratio and savings
Consider the matrix: top row 3, 8, 10, 2, ?, 1; bottom row 6, 56, 90, 2, 20, 0. What is the missing number?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Pattern
Two cities are 360 km apart. A person travels from one to the other at 40 km/h and returns at 60 km/h. What is the average speed for the whole journey?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Average speed
Consider the original UPSC visual figure and choose the figure that should replace the question mark. Main figure: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/CSAT-2015-Q11.png?resize=300%2C68&ssl=12015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
Six cousins A, B, C, D, E and F have distinct ages 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 and share the same birthday. E is oldest; F's age lies between B and D; A is older than B; C is older than D; and A is one year older than C. Which assignment is possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Age ordering
Twelve people form a club. By picking lots, one of them will host a dinner for all once in a month. The number of dinners a particular member has to host in one year is2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Probability
Using the same six-cousin conditions, how many logically possible ascending age orders are there?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Age ordering
Passage: The author explains that silence, restraint and economy of words help a votary of truth avoid exaggeration, suppression or modification of truth. For the author, silence is necessary in order to surmount2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
At a gathering, each pair of friends of the same sex hugs, while each pair of opposite sex shakes hands. There are 24 handshakes. Which number of hugs is possible?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Combinatorics
From the same passage on silence and economy of words, the most appropriate reason the author was spared many a mishap is that2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Anil and David are men; Shabnam and Rekha are women. Two speak Tamil and the other two Marathi. One man and one woman drive. Shabnam speaks Marathi, Anil speaks Tamil, and Rekha and David drive. Which statement is true?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Attribute deduction
From the passage on silence, the author says a thoughtless word hardly ever escapes his tongue or pen. Which is not a valid reason for this?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Lines satisfy X perpendicular to Y, X parallel to Z; U perpendicular to V and U perpendicular to W; and X perpendicular to V. Which statement is true?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Lines and perpendicularity
Passage: India’s high child mortality is linked to weak breastfeeding and immunisation practices, gaps in maternal care, child marriage, anaemia and poor adolescent sanitation. What critical inference follows?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The price of a cow is more than the price of 4 goats but less than the price of 5 goats. Each goat costs between ₹600 and ₹800. Which statement about the cow's price is necessarily the most valid?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Inequalities
Passage: Some people argue that cutting defence expenditure on weapon-building would create peace with neighbours; the author rejects this as a false argument. What is the most valid assumption?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In a society everyone is either a fighter or a coward. Any two cowards are friends; a fighter and a coward are enemies; two fighters are indifferent. Given A and B are enemies, C and D are friends, E and F are indifferent, A and E are not enemies, and B and F are enemies, which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Logical Reasoning · Classification
Passage: Long-distance and processed food creates transport pollution, wastage, rainforest destruction, reduced nutrition and additional preservation/packaging demand. Consider: 1. Consuming regionally grown food is eco-friendly. 2. Food processing puts a burden on natural resources.2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A bag has 10 white balls. The number of white balls is 3 fewer than the number of red balls and 5 more than the number of green balls. How many balls are there in total?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Quantitative Aptitude · Ratios and counts
Passage: Human history contains theories restricting the right to govern to selected citizens and justifying exclusion for social or political efficacy. Which statement is least essential to this argument?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In an examination group, 60% are men and 40% women. Of the men, 70% clear a qualifying stage and 80% of those are finally successful. Of the women, 75% clear the qualifying stage and 70% of those are finally successful. Which statement is correct?2015 · Prelims CSAT · Data Interpretation · Success rates
Passage: By 2050 a larger population, changing consumption, climate stress and finite land/water will intensify food needs; responses include higher yields, efficient farming, waste reduction, nutrient recovery and changed consumption. What best sums up the passage?2015 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Passage on inclusive growth: What is the author’s central focus?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
From the same passage on inclusive growth, the author supports policies which will help2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the inclusive-growth passage, India’s economy has grown but there is no room for complacency because: 1. growth eradicates poverty; 2. growth has resulted in prosperity for all. Which is/are correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the petrol-pricing passage, an oil company can make greater profits under a transparent pricing formula by: 1. promoting sales 2. undertaking innovation 3. cutting costs 4. selling equity shares at higher prices.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the petrol-pricing passage, private oil companies re-enter the market if: 1. transparent rule-based pricing exists 2. there is no government interference 3. subsidies are given 4. anti-trust regulations are removed.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Five persons fire bullets at a target at intervals of 6, 7, 8, 9 and 12 seconds respectively. The number of times they would fire together at the target in an hour is2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM and Time
A group of 630 children is seated in rows for a photograph. Each row contains three fewer children than the row in front. Which number of rows is not possible?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic Progression
Seven persons A, B, C, D, E, F and G are on a ladder. A is above E but below C; B is in the middle; G is between A and B; E is between B and F; F is between E and D. Who is on the bottom step?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
A is taller than B, C is taller than A, D is taller than C, and E is tallest. If seated in height order, who occupies the middle position?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
There are six villages A, B, C, D, E and F. F is 1 km west of D; B 1 km east of E; A 2 km north of E; C 1 km east of A; D 1 km south of A. Which three villages are in a line?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction Sense
Four children A, B, C and D sit in a row. A is next to B but not next to C. C is not next to D. Who occupies a seat adjacent to D?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
A clock shows a time between 8 and 9 o’clock and its hour and minute hands are exactly one above the other. After how many minutes, to the nearest integer, will they again lie one above the other?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Clocks
Passage on climate change and agriculture: shifting locations of existing crops may be forced by 1. melting glaciers 2. water availability and temperature suitability elsewhere 3. poor crop productivity 4. wider adaptability of crop plants. Which are correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the climate-and-agriculture passage, why is it important to promote agricultural research in India?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the greenhouse-gas mitigation passage, which would help mitigation? 1. reducing meat consumption 2. rapid economic liberalization 3. reducing consumerism 4. modern livestock-management practices.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Why, according to the passage, do we continue to depend heavily on fossil fuels? 1. inadequate technological development 2. inadequate funds/support for research and development 3. inadequate practical availability of alternative energy.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the greenhouse-gas passage, how does mitigation help us? 1. reduces expenditure on public health 2. reduces dependence on livestock 3. reduces energy requirements 4. reduces the rate of global climate change.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What is the essential message of the greenhouse-gas passage?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
There are 50 nursery students. Ten speak both English and Hindi. Twenty-one can speak English. How many can speak Hindi, only Hindi and only English respectively?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
A gardener increases a rectangular garden’s length by 40% and decreases its width by 20%. The new area2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
Six books A–F are classified by cover colour, age and subject: B,C,E,F have green covers; A,B,D are new; A,B,C are law reports. Which two are old medical extracts with green covers?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Classification
A 36-cm line is marked from both ends at cumulative distances 1, 1+2, 1+2+3 and so on. Endpoints are excluded and common points counted once. How many marked points are there?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Pattern
Sohan sells two goats at the same price, making 10% profit on one and 10% loss on the other. Overall2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Profit and Loss
Of 120 musicians, 5% play all three of guitar, violin and flute; 30 play exactly two; 40 play guitar alone. How many play violin alone or flute alone in total?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Logic
Six identical two-sided cards show 1 on one side and 2 on the other. Initially all show 1. In one try exactly four cards must be flipped. What is the least number of tries needed so all six show 2?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Parity and Combinatorics
Passage on Himalayan ecosystem and climate change: adverse impact on an ecosystem can mean 1. permanent disappearance of some flora and fauna 2. permanent disappearance of the ecosystem itself. Which is/are correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Which statement best implies the need to shift toward a contemporary conservation approach in the Himalayan ecosystem?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
What is the most important message conveyed by the Himalayan conservation passage?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
With reference to the Himalayan passage, consider assumptions: 1. exploitation of natural resources should be completely avoided 2. natural as well as anthropogenic reasons can adversely affect ecosystems 3. loss of endemic diversity leads to extinction of ecosystems. Which assumption(s) are correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the globalization passage, government interventions are viewed as processes leading to2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the passage, the basic philosophy of globalization is to2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the globalization passage, which are consistent with globalization? 1. privatization of public enterprises 2. expansionary public expenditure 3. free play of market forces in wages and employment 4. privatization of social services such as education and health.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the globalization passage, in the process of globalization the State should have a2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The original UPSC graph shows average annual profit of fruit-sellers A and B from 1995 to 2000. Figure: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/image-52.png?resize=516%2C526&ssl=1 . In which year was the average profit of A and B the same?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Using the same fruit-seller profit graph, what is the difference between the average profit of A and B in 1998?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Using the fruit-seller profit graph, how much more average profit did A make in 2000 than in 1999?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Using the fruit-seller profit graph, what is the trend of B’s average profit from 1997 to 2000?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Marks table: Student A—English 60/100, Psychology 70/100, History 50/100, Sanskrit 30/50; Student B—English 80/150, Psychology 70/100, History 60/100, Sanskrit 15/25. The difference in their mean aggregate percentage marks is2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Examine the original UPSC embedded-figure question. Main figure: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/image-53.png?resize=80%2C87&ssl=1 . Which option contains the figure embedded in it?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
Consider the original UPSC figure matrix. Main figure: https://i0.wp.com/adisclasses.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/image-54.png?resize=194%2C200&ssl=1 . Which option fits the blank part?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
The following table gives population and total income of a city for four years: 1992—20 lakh and Rs.1010 crore; 1993—21 lakh and Rs.1111 crore; 1994—22 lakh and Rs.1225 crore; 1995—23 lakh and Rs.1345 crore. Which statement is correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Data Interpretation
Consider the original UPSC number table in which entries in each row bear a relationship. Figure: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pradheepvijayaraj/prep-loop/0bf10b67af88fca7ba78f324461296d218dfefc1/static/upsc/assets/csat/CSAT_2014_Q17_839dfebde4.png . Which number can replace X?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Pattern
Consider the original UPSC matrix with one empty block in the lower extreme corner. Main figure: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pradheepvijayaraj/prep-loop/0bf10b67af88fca7ba78f324461296d218dfefc1/static/upsc/assets/csat/CSAT_2014_Q18_47dce8f7ee.png . Which figure completes the matrix?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
With reference to the original UPSC route diagram, how many different routes are possible from S to T without retracing from U and/or V? Figure: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pradheepvijayaraj/prep-loop/0bf10b67af88fca7ba78f324461296d218dfefc1/static/upsc/assets/csat/CSAT_2014_Q19_0e258471aa.png2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
The original UPSC figures show a sequence of changing bead positions. Following the same sequence, which option should be the fifth figure?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Spatial Reasoning
A bell rings every 18 minutes, a second every 24 minutes and a third every 32 minutes. If all ring together at 8:00 AM, when will they next ring together?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM and Time
“Price is not the same thing as value. Suppose on a day the price of everything—coal, bread, postage, labour, rent, etc.—were to double. Prices would rise, but values of all things except one would not.” What does the writer mean?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
A and B travel by bus. A has Rs.10, which is 80% of the total fare for two persons. B gives A another Rs.3. Which statement is correct?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
A businessman must repay a loan in equal instalments without interest. After paying 18 instalments he has repaid 60% of the loan. How many instalments were agreed?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
A worker reaches his factory 3 minutes late at 5 km/h and 7 minutes early at 6 km/h. What is the distance from his house to the factory?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed Time Distance
“Liberty is never real unless the Government can be called to account when it invades rights.” Which option best justifies this statement?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
According to the passage on capitalism and the global banking crisis, apologists of the “Free Market System” believe in2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
With reference to “ideological bias” in the passage on capitalism, what does it imply?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
The passage says the exercise of private greed can be justified as serving larger public interest. Which statements are supported? 1. It is a false ideology of capitalism. 2. It underlies righteous claims of the free market. 3. It is the benevolent face of capitalism. 4. It ignores resultant gross inequity.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the passage on public and private sectors, why has the time come to review the role of the public sector? 1. Public sector has lost all relevance. 2. Public sector performance is unsatisfactory. 3. Private entrepreneurship is expanding. 4. Effective competition policies are available.2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
According to the passage, why should rural roads remain in the public-sector domain?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
In the public/private-sector passage, “portfolio composition of the government” refers to2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
Why does the author prefer “government as umpire and private sector as players” in regulated industries?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Reading Comprehension
A question paper must have a question on one of the eight poets: A, B, C, D, E, F, G or H. The first four belong to the medieval period while the rest are considered modern poets. Generally, modern poets figure in the question paper in alternate years. Generally those who like H like G also; and those who like F like E also. The paper-setter does not like to ask about F as he has written a book on F, but he likes F. Last year, the paper contained a question on A. On the basis of the information given, this year’s paper is most likely to contain a question on2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
In a group of six women there are four dancers, four vocal musicians, one actress and three violinists. Girija and Vanaja are among the violinists while Jalaja and Shailaja do not know how to play on the violin. Shailaja and Tanuja are among the dancers. Jalaja, Vanaja, Shailaja and Tanuja are all vocal musicians and two of them are also violinists. If Pooja is an actress, who among the following is certainly a dancer and a violinist?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
The letters L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T, in their order, are substituted by the integers 1 to 9 but not in that order. 4 is assigned to P. The difference between P and T is 5. The difference between N and T is 3. What is the integer assigned to N?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Logic
The number of deaths among army personnel is 8 in 1000, but among the civilian population it is 20 per 1000. Which inference can be drawn?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Statement and Conclusion
Given the statement: “Buses are the cause of more accidents than cars, and trucks cause fewer accidents than buses”, which conclusion can be drawn?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Statement and Conclusion
“If political leadership fails to emerge, there is likelihood of military taking over power in developing countries. Radical student groups or labour may try to raise revolution but they are not likely to compete with the military. Military intervention, rule, and withdrawal from politics is closely related to a society’s level of political development.” In this context, the assumption is that2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Reasoning
Four persons, Alok, Bhupesh, Chander and Dinesh have a total of Rs.100 among themselves. Alok and Bhupesh together have as much as Chander and Dinesh together; Alok has more than Bhupesh; Chander has half as much as Dinesh; and Alok has Rs.5 more than Dinesh. Who has the maximum amount?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Algebra
George attends Music on Monday, Mathematics on Wednesday, History on the day after Mathematics, Sports on Tuesday, and Literature is not on Friday. If he attends only one subject a day and Sunday is free, on which other day is he free?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
In a row, A is 11th from the left and B is 10th from the right. If A and B interchange positions, A becomes 18th from the left. How many persons are there in the row other than A and B?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking and Ordering
B is north of A and C is east of A. AB=5 km and AC=12 km. What is the shortest distance between B and C?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Direction and Distance
Two cars start towards each other from A and B, 160 km apart, at 08:10 AM. Their speeds are 50 km/h and 30 km/h. When do they meet?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Speed and Distance
Passage: An old man in tattered clothes drives heavily laden animals along an uneven road. A stray dog watches and then barks; the author’s two little sons stand still holding his hands firmly. The author’s children held his hands firmly because2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
From the same passage, the expression “a stray dog watched the procession philosophically” means that2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
Passage: Cynthia was a shy girl who thought herself plain and untalented. Her teacher required the class to audition for a school play. Cynthia nearly died of fright at the thought of performing, but during the audition gave an excellent performance. Cynthia was afraid to stand on stage because2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
From the Cynthia passage, her classmates were chatting because2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
From the Cynthia passage, Cynthia’s knees were quaking because2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
From the Cynthia passage, the transformation that occurred during the audition refers to2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Excluded English Comprehension
If the 3rd day of a month is Monday, which of the following will be the fifth day from the 21st of this month?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Calendar
For a charity show, 420 tickets were sold. Half were sold at Rs.5 each, one-third at Rs.3 each and the rest at Rs.2 each. What was the total amount received?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
A, B, C, D, E and F are family members and their professions are engineer, stenographer, doctor, draughtsman, lawyer and judge. A, the engineer, is married to the lady stenographer; the judge is married to the lawyer; F, the draughtsman, is the son of B and brother of E; C, the lawyer, is daughter-in-law of D; E is the unmarried doctor; D is grandmother of F. What is the profession of B?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
Using the same family-profession information, which is/are a married couple/couples?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
Using the same family-profession information, what is the profession of D?2014 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logical Arrangement
A passage describes forest fragmentation caused by mining, highways and other intrusions. What is its central focus?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Why should continuity of forest landscapes and wildlife corridors be maintained? Consider preservation of biodiversity, management of minerals, and granting forest land for human use.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A rare-coin collection has one gold coin for every three non-gold coins. After adding 10 gold coins the ratio becomes 1:2. What is the new total number of coins?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratio and Proportion
A gardener has 1,000 plants and wants equal numbers of rows and columns. What is the minimum number of additional plants required?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Squares
₹700 is divided into seven prizes, each ₹20 less than the preceding prize. What is the smallest prize?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Arithmetic Progression
Among 120 applicants, 70 are men and 80 hold driving licences. What is the ratio of the minimum possible to maximum possible number of men holding licences?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Sets
A garrison has food for 1,000 soldiers for 30 days. After 10 days another 1,000 soldiers join. For how many more days will the remaining food last?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Work and Consumption
A full petrol tank lasts 10 days. If daily use rises by 25%, how long will it last?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Percentages
A person can walk one way and drive back in 6 hours, while walking both ways takes 10 hours. How long would driving both ways take?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time Speed Distance
A passage challenges the idea that democracy is exclusively Western. Which option best reflects the author's view?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
From the democracy passage, assess the assumptions that non-Western countries cannot have democracy because it is Western, and that Western countries always try to impose democracy.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
Which practice is supported by a passage on good corporate governance?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
According to the corporate-governance passage, which claimed benefits are supported: higher share price, rapid turnover growth, and being the main criterion for FII investment?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
A passage says childhood malnutrition often results from inadequate awareness of young children's feeding needs. Which measure best reduces it?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
The malnutrition passage says poverty is not the main cause. Which proposed reasons are valid: working mothers do not prioritise children; public-health authorities fail to propagate nutritional awareness?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
Why does a passage argue that policy intervention is needed to mitigate agricultural risk?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
What observation follows from the agricultural-risk passage?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
Which statement about primary groups is correct, given that they are generally small, intimate, and may include families?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Social Reasoning
A gets one unit less than B; C gets five more than D; D gets three more than B. Who gets the least money?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
Cities P,Q,R,S,T are linked by specified boat, rail, bus and air routes. Which single mode lets one travel from Q to R without changing mode?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Network Reasoning
Starting from P, a traveller visits every city in the given transport network and returns to P. Which city must be visited twice?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Network Reasoning
In the same city network, which listed pair has no direct route between them?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Network Reasoning
Which pair in the city network has the greatest number of travel-route options?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Network Reasoning
A tennis team of four must contain at least two of males A,B,C and satisfy B not with W, C not with Z, W not with Y. If Y is selected and B rejected, which team is possible?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Selections
With the same tennis constraints, if B is selected and Y rejected, which team is possible?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Selections
If all three male tennis players A,B,C are selected, how many valid four-person teams are possible?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Selections
Seven people are available for music work. Rohit and Tanya cannot work together; Kunal and Shobha cannot; Mukesh and Kunal must work together. Which four-person group is acceptable?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Selections
Five people A-E sit around an equally spaced round table. C sits next to A; A is two seats from D; B is not next to A. Which conclusions must hold: I D next to B; II E next to A?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Seating Arrangement
A and B play football/cricket; B and C cricket/hockey; A and D basketball/football; C and D hockey/basketball. Who does not play hockey?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Relations
Using the same four-friends sports information, who plays football, basketball and hockey?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Relations
Using the same sports information, which game is played by B, C and D?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Set Relations
Geeta is older than Meena; Bipin is older than Geeta. Which conclusion follows?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ordering
A financial-markets passage cites weak global prospects, international-market uncertainty, Euro-area sovereign risk and bad monsoons. Which factors caused the adverse impact on emerging markets?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Why are Indian financial markets affected by global changes?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Why is banks' ability to withstand stress critical to India's overall financial stability?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Why will risk and liquidity management become more important for Indian banks? Consider globalization, consolidation/deregulation, diversification, and financial inclusion.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Five clubs meet every 2,3,4,5 and 6 days respectively. How many times do all meet on the same day within 180 days?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · LCM
Five people A-E belong to five cities P-T under given exclusions. Which statement is not correct?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Logic Grid
Seven men stand in a fixed queue wearing seven distinct cap colours. From the visibility clues and E wearing indigo, what colour is F's cap?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Deduction
There are equal numbers of red and yellow balls, and twice as many yellow as green. The number of red balls is:2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ratios
A passage explains why crude-oil deposits below the seabed do not completely decompose. What prevents complete decomposition?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Why does sedimentary rock facilitate formation of oil deposits?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
In a class of 45, a boy is 20th. Two boys join and his rank from the top becomes 21st. What is his rank from the bottom?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ranking
A thief runs at 8 km/h and is 100 m ahead of a policeman running at 10 km/h. How long will the policeman take to catch him?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Relative Speed
A train covers 63 km at speed x and 72 km at x+6 km/h, taking 3 hours total. Find x.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Time Speed Distance
From a passage on agricultural slurry, which reasons justify restricting slurry discharge into watercourses: economic nutrient loss; lack of decomposer microbes in water; eutrophication risk?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
In the slurry passage, what does the phrase 'pollutant to fertilizer' mean?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
According to the passage, effects of indiscriminate fertilizer use include pollutants, destruction of decomposers, nutrient enrichment and algal blooms. Which are supported?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
Which characteristics accompany cultural eutrophication: loss of ecosystem services; loss of flora/fauna; loss of mineral nutrients?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
What is the central theme of the agricultural-slurry/eutrophication passage?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
A passage argues that human misery persists until character and ignorance change. Which proposed reason best fits the passage?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Main Idea
From the same misery passage, are these assumptions valid: physical/material help is primary; charitable homes and hospitals can largely remove misery?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Assumptions
Visual sequence: two symbols change position regularly across four figures. Which answer figure should be fifth?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Sequence
Visual sequence: choose the fifth figure that continues the first problem-figure pattern.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Sequence
Visual sequence: choose the fifth figure that continues the second problem-figure pattern.2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Sequence
If x men working at constant rate complete a fixed job in y days, which diagram correctly represents x versus y?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Inverse Proportion
A visual matrix contains repeated X symbols. How many X's appear?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Matrix
A table gives distance, time and fuel-use data for four hired cars. Which car maintained the highest average speed?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Tabular Data
A number-pattern puzzle shows three figures. What number replaces the question mark?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Number Pattern
Three views of a numbered cube are given. Which pair can occupy the faces marked A and B?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Cube Reasoning
From the university-professor charts, how many Physics professors are aged 35-44?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Charts
From the professor charts, which discipline has the highest male-to-female ratio?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Charts
What percentage of all Psychology professors are female?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Charts
If female Physics professors aged 25-34 are 25% of all Physics professors in that age group, how many males are there?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Charts
If Psychology professors form 2% of all university professors, what is the total number of professors?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Charts
Visual sequence: which answer figure logically occupies the seventh position?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Visual Sequence
In the Jim-and-bicycle passage, how did Jim's parents feel when he returned without the bicycle?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
Why did Jim return the watch to the old man and boy?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
In the travellers passage, why did the narrator ask John to drive more slowly?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
Why did the travellers leave for the next town despite darkness?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
Why were the travellers worried after travelling about 20 km?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
Why was the old lady told to walk on the pavement?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
Why did the old lady refuse to leave the middle of the road?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Detail
What did the old lady fail to understand about liberty?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Passage Inference
As an office head, your close secretary seeks priority housing contrary to published rules. Which responses are considered appropriate under the 2013 decision-making key?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ethics and Administration
You observe a transport clerk taking an unofficial payment while you are rushing to a meeting. Which responses are accepted as appropriate?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ethics and Administration
A villager seeks urgent protection from a powerful landlord while you, the District Magistrate, are between meetings. Which responses are accepted as appropriate?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ethics and Administration
A close friend asks you as District Magistrate to exceed a government sugar-allocation limit for his son's wedding. Which responses are accepted?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Ethics and Administration
You must communicate family-planning benefits in an area strongly opposed to the policy. Which approaches are accepted as appropriate?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Communication
A colleague asks you, a university paper-setter, to reveal likely exam questions to help his son. Which responses are accepted as appropriate?2013 · Prelims CSAT · CSAT · Integrity