UPSC PYQs: Mains GS2

Review complete published questions grouped by paper: Mains GS2.

285 published questions

Other qualifying paper groups

Essay108 published questions
Kannada Optional Paper I310 published questions
Kannada Optional Paper II280 published questions
Mains GS1295 published questions
Mains GS2285 published questions
Mains GS3285 published questions
Mains GS4215 published questions
Prelims CSAT1201 published questions
Prelims GS11525 published questions

Questions

Right to privacy relating to self-identity is very dear to every human being and well protected under Article 21 of the Constitution. In this context, examine the effect of the amendment in 2026, to the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Privacy, Gender Identity and Transgender Rights
“Women as a class neither belong to a minority group nor are they regarded as forming a backward class.” In the light of this statement, discuss the evolution of women's reservation from local bodies to Parliament.2026 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Women’s Political Representation
Examine whether the constitutional office of the Lok Sabha Speaker has become vulnerable to partisan politics under the current anti-defection regime. What institutional changes are required to ensure the neutrality of the Lok Sabha Speaker in managing a polarised House?2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Speaker and Anti-Defection
Is the right to vote a fundamental right? Discuss the position of the Election Commission of India while undertaking the revision of electoral rolls. Can it also examine the question of citizenship of voters?2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Right to Vote, Electoral Rolls and Citizenship
Do constitutional bodies like the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) possess adequate enforcement powers to secure substantive social equality? Suggest measures to enhance their institutional effectiveness.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · NCSC and NCST Institutional Effectiveness
Does India's tribal development policy reflect the aspirations for a socially grounded and equity-based governance? Justify your answer.2026 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Tribal Development and Equity-Based Governance
Malnutrition in India is not merely a public health concern; it is also a challenge of social equity, human development and effective welfare governance. Discuss.2026 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Malnutrition and Welfare Governance
Analyse the advantages and limitations of the generalist structure of the Indian Civil Services in contemporary governance.2026 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Generalist Civil Services
“IPMDA (Indo-Pacific Partnership for Maritime Domain Awareness) bridges the gap between India's SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) vision and the Quad's collective Indo-Pacific strategy.” Make a critical assessment of the statement focusing on IPMDA.2026 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · IPMDA, SAGAR and Quad Maritime Strategy
“BRICS acts as a powerful counterweight in global governance, actively amplifying the voice and influence of the Global South.” Explain the role of BRICS in projecting itself as an alternative to other groupings.2026 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · BRICS and Global South
Discuss the position of the Governor in the federal polity of India. What is the nature of his power while giving assent to a bill passed by the State Legislature? Is he bound by the aid and advice of his Council of Ministers in all his functions?2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Governor, Assent to Bills and Aid and Advice
What is meant by judicial legislation? In this context, discuss the verdicts of the apex court allowing “passive euthanasia” and a “living will”.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Judicial Legislation, Passive Euthanasia and Living Will
How far has the Indian federal framework been successful in accommodating regional and cultural diversities? Highlight the role of asymmetric federalism and suggest measures to make dispute resolution mechanisms more effective.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Asymmetric Federalism and Diversity
Examine how the separation of powers is practised in India compared to the rigid presidential model of the United States of America. In this context, compare the actual authority of the Indian Prime Minister with that of the President of the USA.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Separation of Powers: India and USA
To what extent do pressure groups, social movements and corporate lobbies deepen pluralistic democracy in India by representing excluded interests? Analyse whether the growing convergence of corporate wealth and political power poses a threat to the autonomy of formal democratic institutions.2026 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Pressure Groups, Corporate Power and Democracy
“Transparency and accountability in governance are not about controlling corruption but about creating the trust of stakeholders in the policy process by following the Rule of Law and Participatory Governance.” Comment.2026 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Transparency, Accountability and Trust
Can the constitutional mandate of rights-based welfare be effectively realised in the context of non-integrated governance and minimal public investment? Examine.2026 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Rights-Based Welfare and State Capacity
Should education be treated primarily as a welfare obligation of the state or as a strategic investment for building a globally competitive, knowledge-driven nation? Critically evaluate.2026 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Education as Welfare and Strategic Investment
“India's global diaspora acts as a living bridge, as a critical economic factor and knowledge network in transforming cultural heritage into geopolitical influence and strategic leverage worldwide.” Critically examine this statement.2026 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Indian Diaspora and Strategic Influence
“China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has transformed South Asia from a regional space into a theatre of great power competition.” Analyse the strategic implications of the BRI for India's security and regional influence in South Asia.2026 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · BRI and Great Power Competition in South Asia
Discuss the ‘corrupt practices’ for the purpose of the Representation of the People Act, 1951. Analyze whether the increase in the assets of the legislators and/or their associates, disproportionate to their known sources of income, would constitute undue influence and consequently a corrupt practice.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Representation of the People Act
Comment on the need of administrative tribunals as compared to the court system. Assess the impact of the recent tribunal reforms through rationalization of tribunals made in 2021.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Administrative Tribunals
Compare and contrast the President’s power to pardon in India and in the USA. Are there any limits to it in both the countries? What are preemptive pardons?2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Pardoning Power
Discuss the nature of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly after the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019. Briefly describe the powers and functions of the Assembly of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization
The Attorney General of India plays a crucial role in guiding the legal framework of the Union Government and ensuring sound governance through legal counsel. Discuss his responsibilities, rights and limitations in this regard.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Attorney General of India
Women’s social capital complements in advancing empowerment and gender equity. Explain.2025 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Women Empowerment
E-governance projects have a built-in bias towards technology and back-end integration than user-centric designs. Examine.2025 · Mains GS2 · Governance · E-Governance
Civil Society Organizations are often perceived as being anti-State actors than non-State actors. Do you agree? Justify.2025 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Civil Society Organizations
India-Africa digital partnership is achieving mutual respect, co-development and long-term institutional partnerships. Elaborate.2025 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Africa Digital Partnership
With the waning of globalization, post-Cold War world is becoming a site of sovereign nationalism. Elucidate.2025 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Sovereign Nationalism
Constitutional morality is the fulcrum which acts as an essential check upon the high functionaries and citizens alike. In view of the above observation of the Supreme Court, explain the concept of constitutional morality and its application to ensure balance between judicial independence and judicial accountability in India.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Constitutional Morality
Indian Constitution has conferred the amending power on the ordinary legislative institutions with a few procedural hurdles. In view of this statement, examine the procedural and substantive limitations on the amending power of the Parliament to change the Constitution.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Constitutional Amendment
Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Collegium System
Examine the evolving pattern of Centre-State financial relations in the context of planned development in India. How far have the recent reforms impacted the fiscal federalism in India?2025 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Fiscal Federalism
What are environmental pressure groups? Discuss their role in raising awareness, influencing policies and advocating for environmental protection in India.2025 · Mains GS2 · Environment Governance · Environmental Pressure Groups
Inequality in the ownership pattern of resources is one of the major causes of poverty. Discuss in the context of ‘paradox of poverty’.2025 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Poverty and Resource Ownership
In contemporary development models, decision-making and problem-solving responsibilities are not located close to the source of information and execution defeating the objectives of development. Critically evaluate.2025 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Decentralized Development
The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights has to address the challenges faced by children in the digital era. Examine the existing policies and suggest measures the Commission can initiate to tackle the issue.2025 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Child Rights in Digital Era
Energy security constitutes the dominant kingpin of India’s foreign policy, and is linked with India’s overarching influence in Middle Eastern countries. How would you integrate energy security with India’s foreign policy trajectories in the coming years?2025 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Energy Security and Middle East
The reform process in the United Nations remains unresolved, because of the delicate imbalance of East and West and entanglement of the USA vs. Russo-Chinese alliance. Examine and critically evaluate the East-West policy confrontations in this regard.2025 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · United Nations Reform
Examine the need for electoral reforms suggested by committees with reference to the one nation-one election principle.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Electoral Reforms
Distinguish Lok Adalats and Arbitration Tribunals and explain whether they entertain civil and criminal cases.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Alternative Dispute Resolution
Explain how the growth of the cabinet system has marginalised parliamentary supremacy.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Cabinet System
Comment on the CAG’s duty to ensure not only legality but also propriety of expenditure.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Comptroller and Auditor General
Analyse the role of local bodies in good governance and the pros and cons of merging rural and urban local bodies.2024 · Mains GS2 · Society · Local Governance
Public charitable trusts can make development more inclusive by addressing vital public issues. Comment.2024 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Charitable Trusts
Poverty and malnutrition form a vicious cycle affecting human capital. What steps can break it?2024 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Poverty and Malnutrition
Discuss why democratic governance requires a positive public perception of civil servants’ integrity and commitment.2024 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Civil Service Integrity
Explain with examples how the West is fostering India as an alternative to China in supply chains and geopolitics.2024 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India and China Supply Chains
Critically analyse India’s evolving diplomatic, economic and strategic relations with Central Asian Republics.2024 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Central Asia
What are the aims of the Public Examination (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024, and are university/board exams covered?2024 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Public Examinations Act 2024
Explain right to privacy under Article 21 and discuss DNA testing of an unborn child to establish paternity.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Right to Privacy
What recent changes has the Union Government made in Centre-State relations? Suggest measures to strengthen federalism.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Centre-State Relations
Explain reasons for growth of PIL in India and whether the Supreme Court has become the world’s most powerful judiciary.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Public Interest Litigation
Discuss India as a secular state and compare it with secular principles in the US Constitution.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Secularism
Identify factors hindering the Citizens’ Charter initiative and suggest measures to realise its promise.2024 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Citizens Charter
Suggest how the Indian State can strengthen grassroots public healthcare amid marketisation of healthcare.2024 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Public Healthcare
Evaluate the Interactive Service Model of e-governance for transparency and accountability.2024 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Interactive E-Governance
Evaluate the effectiveness of the UNSC Counter-Terrorism Committee and associated bodies against global terrorism.2024 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · UN Counter-Terrorism Architecture
Discuss the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of Maldives for India, including trade, energy flows and maritime security.2024 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Maldives and India
Comment on the statement that constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Judicial Independence
Who is entitled to free legal aid? Assess the role of NALSA in providing free legal aid in India.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Legal Aid
Comment on the reluctance of Indian states to empower urban local bodies functionally and financially.2023 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Urban Local Bodies
Compare and contrast British and Indian approaches to parliamentary sovereignty.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Sovereignty
Discuss the role of Presiding Officers of state legislatures in maintaining order, impartiality and democratic practice.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · State Legislatures
Human Resource Development has received inadequate attention in India’s development process. Suggest measures to address this.2023 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Human Resource Development
Discuss the role of the Competition Commission of India in containing abuse of dominance by multinational corporations.2023 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Competition Commission
E-governance has improved effectiveness, transparency and accountability. What inadequacies still limit these gains?2023 · Mains GS2 · Governance · E-Governance
The virus of conflict is affecting the functioning of the SCO. Discuss India’s role in mitigating these problems.2023 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · SCO
Indian diaspora has scaled new heights in the West. Describe its economic and political benefits for India.2023 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Indian Diaspora
Illustrate the Constitution of India as a living instrument with special reference to the expanding right to life and personal liberty.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Right to Life
Explain constitutional perspectives on gender justice with relevant constitutional provisions and case law.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Gender Justice
Account for legal and political factors behind the reduced use of Article 356 since the mid-1990s.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Article 356
Discuss the contribution of civil society groups to effective and meaningful participation of women in state legislatures.2023 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Women in Legislatures
Explain the significance of the 101st Constitutional Amendment and how far it reflects accommodative federalism.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · GST and Federalism
Explain the structure of the Parliamentary Committee system and the contribution of financial committees to institutionalising Parliament.2023 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Committees
Development and welfare schemes for vulnerable groups are discriminatory by nature. Do you agree? Give reasons.2023 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Welfare Schemes
Analyse the linkages between education, skill and employment in the context of skill-development programmes.2023 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Skill and Employment
Evaluate the statement that NATO expansion and stronger US-Europe partnership work well for India.2023 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · NATO and India
Discuss the role of the International Maritime Organisation in protecting the environment and enhancing maritime safety and security.2023 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · International Maritime Organisation
The most significant achievement of modern law in India is the constitutionalization of environmental problems by the Supreme Court. Discuss with relevant case laws.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Environmental Constitutionalism
Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to Indian citizens, but these rights are not absolute. Comment.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Freedom of Movement and Residence
To what extent has the decentralisation of power in India changed the governance landscape at the grassroots?2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Decentralisation
Discuss the role of the Vice President of India as the Chairman of Rajya Sabha.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Vice President
Discuss the role of the National Commission for Backward Classes after its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · NCBC
The Gati-Shakti Yojana needs meticulous coordination between the government and the private sector to achieve the goal of connectivity. Discuss.2022 · Mains GS2 · Governance · PM Gati Shakti and Infrastructure Coordination
The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment.2022 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Disability Rights
Reforming the government delivery system through the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme is a progressive step, but it has limitations too. Comment.2022 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Direct Benefit Transfer
India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka. Discuss India’s role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in light of this statement.2022 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India Sri Lanka
Do you think BIMSTEC is a parallel organisation like SAARC? What are the similarities and dissimilarities between the two? How are Indian foreign policy objectives realised by forming this new organisation?2022 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · BIMSTEC and SAARC
Discuss the procedures to decide disputes arising out of election of a Member of Parliament or State Legislature under the Representation of the People Act, 1951. What are the grounds on which election of a returned candidate may be declared void? What remedy is available to the aggrieved party?2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Election Disputes
Discuss the essential conditions for exercise of legislative powers by the Governor. Discuss the legality of re-promulgation of ordinances by the Governor without placing them before the Legislature.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Governor Ordinance Power
While national political parties in India favour centralisation, regional parties are in favour of state autonomy. Comment.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Centralisation and State Autonomy
Critically examine the procedures through which the Presidents of India and France are elected.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Presidential Elections
Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in light of the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct.2022 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Election Commission
Besides welfare schemes, India needs deft management of inflation and unemployment to serve the poor and underprivileged sections of society. Discuss.2022 · Mains GS2 · Society · Inflation and Unemployment
Do you agree that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the importance of community participation in the development process? Justify your answer.2022 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Donor Agencies and Community Participation
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 remains inadequate in promoting an incentive-based system for children’s education without generating awareness about the importance of schooling. Analyse.2022 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Right to Education
How will I2U2 grouping transform India’s position in global politics?2022 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · I2U2
Clean energy is the order of the day. Describe briefly India’s changing policy towards climate change in various international fora in the context of geopolitics.2022 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Clean Energy Diplomacy
Constitutional Morality is rooted in the Constitution itself and is founded on its essential facets. Explain the doctrine of Constitutional Morality with the help of relevant judicial decisions.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Constitutional Morality
Discuss the desirability of greater representation to women in the higher judiciary to ensure diversity, equity and inclusiveness.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Women in Judiciary
How have the recommendations of the 14th Finance Commission of India enabled the states to improve their fiscal position?2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Finance Commission
To what extent, in your view, is the Parliament able to ensure accountability of the executive in India?2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Accountability
Pressure groups play a vital role in influencing public policymaking in India. Explain how business associations contribute to public policies.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Business Associations as Pressure Groups
Besides being a moral imperative of the Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary pre-condition for sustainable development. Analyse.2021 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Primary Health
Earn while you learn scheme needs to be strengthened to make vocational education and skill training meaningful. Comment.2021 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Vocational Education
Can the vicious cycle of gender inequality, poverty and malnutrition be broken through the microfinancing of women SHGs? Explain with examples.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Women SHGs
If the last few decades were of Asia’s growth story, the next few are expected to be of Africa’s. In the light of this statement, examine India’s influence in Africa in recent years.2021 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India Africa Relations
The USA is facing an existential threat in the form of China, that is much more challenging than the erstwhile Soviet Union. Explain.2021 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · USA China Rivalry
The jurisdiction of the Central Bureau of Investigation regarding lodging an FIR and conducting probes within a particular state is being questioned by various States. However, the power of States to withhold consent to the CBI is not absolute. Explain with special reference to the federal character of India.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · CBI and Federalism
Though the Human Rights Commissions have contributed immensely to the protection of human rights in India, yet they have failed to assert themselves against the mighty and powerful. Analysing their structural and practical limitations, suggest remedial measures.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Human Rights Commissions
Analyse the distinguishing features of the notion of Equality in the Constitutions of the USA and India.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Equality in Constitutions
Explain the constitutional provisions under which Legislative Councils are established. Review the working and current status of Legislative Councils with suitable illustrations.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Legislative Councils
Do Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committees keep the administration on its toes and inspire reverence for parliamentary control? Evaluate the working of such committees with suitable examples.2021 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Standing Committees
Has digital illiteracy, particularly in rural areas, coupled with lack of Information and Communication Technology accessibility hindered socio-economic development? Examine with justification.2021 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Digital Divide and Development
Though women in post-Independent India have excelled in various fields, the social attitude towards women and the feminist movement has been patriarchal. Apart from women education and women empowerment schemes, what interventions can help change this milieu?2021 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Women Empowerment
Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model.2021 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Civil Society and NGO Service Delivery
Critically examine the aims and objectives of SCO. What importance does it hold for India?2021 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The newly tri-nation partnership AUKUS is aimed at countering China’s ambitions in the Indo-Pacific region. Is it going to supersede the existing partnerships in the region? Discuss the strength and impact of AUKUS in the present scenario.2021 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · AUKUS
There is a need for simplification of procedure for disqualification of persons found guilty of corrupt practices under the Representation of the People Act. Comment.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · RPA — Corrupt Practices & Disqualification
Recent amendments to the Right to Information Act will have profound impact on the autonomy and independence of the Information Commission. Discuss.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Constitutional Bodies
How far do you think cooperation, competition and confrontation have shaped the nature of federation in India? Cite some recent examples to validate your answer.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Indian Federalism
The judicial system in India and UK seem to be converging as well as diverging in recent times. Highlight the key points of convergence and divergence between the two nations in terms of their judicial practices.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Judiciary
Once a Speaker, always a Speaker. Do you think this practice should be adopted to impart objectivity to the office of the Speaker of Lok Sabha? What could be its implication for the robust functioning of parliamentary business in India?2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Speaker
In order to enhance the prospects of social development, sound and adequate health care policies are needed in the fields of geriatric and maternal health care. Discuss.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Geriatric & Maternal Health
Institutional quality is a crucial driver of economic performance. In this context, suggest reforms in Civil Service for strengthening democracy.2020 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Civil Services Reform
The emergence of Fourth Industrial Revolution has initiated e-Governance as an integral part of government. Discuss.2020 · Mains GS2 · Governance · E-Governance
Critically examine the role of WHO in providing global health security during the COVID-19 pandemic.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · COVID-19
Indian diaspora has a decisive role to play in the politics and economy of America and European countries. Comment with examples.2020 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Diaspora
Indian Constitution exhibits centralising tendencies to maintain unity and integrity of the nation. Elucidate in the perspective of the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897; the Disaster Management Act, 2005 and recently passed Farm Acts.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Centralisation
Judicial legislation is antithetical to the doctrine of separation of powers as envisaged in the Indian Constitution. In this context, justify the filing of a large number of public interest petitions praying for issuing guidelines to executive authorities.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Separation of Powers
The strength and sustenance of local institutions in India has shifted from their formative phase of functions, functionaries and funds to the contemporary stage of functionality. Highlight the critical challenges faced by local institutions in terms of their functionality in recent times.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Local Government
Rajya Sabha has been transformed from a useless Stepney tyre to the most useful supportive organ in past few decades. Highlight the factors as well as areas in which this transformation could be visible.2020 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Rajya Sabha
Which steps are required for constitutionalisation of a commission? Do you think imparting constitutionality to the National Commission for Women would ensure greater gender justice and empowerment in India? Give reasons.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Gender
Incidence and intensity of poverty are most important in determining poverty based on income alone. In this context, analyze the latest United Nations Multidimensional Poverty Index report.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Poverty
Microfinance as an anti-poverty vaccine is aimed at asset creation and income security of the rural poor in India. Evaluate the role of Self Help Groups in achieving twin objectives along with empowering women in rural India.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Gender
National Education Policy 2020 is in conformity with Sustainable Development Goal 4. It intends to restructure and re-orient the education system in India. Critically examine the statement.2020 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Education and Ethics
Quadrilateral Security Dialogue is transforming itself into a trade bloc from a military alliance, in present times. Discuss.2020 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · QUAD
What is the significance of Indo-US defence deals over Indo-Russian defence deals? Discuss with reference to stability in the Indo-Pacific region.2020 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Indo-US Defence Relations
Do you think the Constitution of India does not accept the principle of strict separation of powers rather it is based on the principle of checks and balance? Explain.2019 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Separation of Powers
The Central Administrative Tribunal which was established for redressal of grievances and complaints by or against central government employees nowadays is exercising its powers as an independent judicial authority. Explain.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Administrative Tribunals
What are the methods used by the farmers' organizations to influence the policy-makers in India and how effective are these methods?2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Pressure Groups
From the resolution of contentious issues regarding the distribution of legislative powers by the courts, the Principle of Federal Supremacy and Harmonious Construction have emerged. Explain.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Federalism
What can France learn from the Indian Constitution's approach to secularism?2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Secularism
Despite consistent experience of high growth, India still goes with the lowest indicators of human development. Examine the issues that make balanced and inclusive development elusive.2019 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Inclusive Development
There is a growing divergence in the relationship between poverty and hunger in India. The shrinking of social expenditure by the government is forcing the poor to spend more on non-food essential items squeezing their food budget. Elucidate.2019 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Poverty
Implementation of Information and Communication Technology based projects/programs usually suffers in terms of certain vital factors. Identify these factors and suggest measures for their effective implementation.2019 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Implementation Of Information And
The time has come for India and Japan to build a strong contemporary relationship, one involving global and strategic partnership that will have a great significance for Asia and the world as a whole. Comment.2019 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Japan Relations
Too little cash, too much politics, leave UNESCO fighting for life. Discuss the statement in the light of US withdrawal and its accusation of the cultural body as being anti-Israel bias.2019 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · UNESCO
On what grounds can a people's representative be disqualified under the Representation of the People Act, 1951? Also, mention the remedies available to such person against his disqualification.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · On What Grounds Can
Parliament's power to amend the Constitution is a limited power and it cannot be enlarged into absolute power. In light of this statement, explain whether Parliament under Article 368 of the Constitution can destroy the Basic Structure of the Constitution by expanding its amending power.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Basic Structure
The reservation of seats for women in the institutions of local self-government has had a limited impact on the patriarchal character of the Indian political process. Comment.2019 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Gender
The Attorney-General is the chief legal adviser and lawyer of the Government of India. Discuss.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Attorney General
Individual parliamentarians' role as national lawmaker is on a decline, which in turn has adversely impacted the quality of debates and their outcome. Discuss.2019 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Performance
In the context of the neo-liberal paradigm of developmental planning, multi-level planning is expected to make operations cost-effective and remove many implementation blockages. Discuss.2019 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Planning
The need for cooperation among various service sectors has been an inherent component of development discourse. Partnership bridges the gap among the sectors. It also sets in motion a culture of collaboration and team spirit. In the light of the statements above, examine India's development process.2019 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Development Partnership
The performance of welfare schemes that are implemented for vulnerable sections is not so effective due to the absence of awareness and active involvement at all stages of the policy process. Discuss.2019 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Welfare Schemes
The long sustained image of India as a leader of the oppressed and marginalized nations has disappeared on account of its newfound role in the emerging global order. Elaborate.2019 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · The Long Sustained Image
What introduces friction in the ties between India and the United States is that Washington is still unable to find for India a position in its global strategy, which would satisfy India's national self-esteem and ambitions. Explain with suitable examples.2019 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-US Relations
In the light of recent controversy regarding the use of Electronic Voting Machines (EVM), what are the challenges before the Election Commission of India to ensure the trustworthiness of elections in India?2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · EVM and Elections
Whether National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) can enforce the implementation of constitutional reservation for the Scheduled Castes in religious minority institutions? Examine.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · NCSC
Under what circumstances can the Financial Emergency be proclaimed by the President of India? What consequences follow when such a declaration remains in force?2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Financial Emergency
Why do you think the committees are considered useful for parliamentary work? Discuss, in this context, the role of the Estimates Committee.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Committees
The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has a very vital role to play. Explain how this is reflected in the method and terms of his appointment as well as the range of powers he can exercise.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · CAG
Policy contradictions among various competing sectors and stakeholders have resulted in inadequate protection and prevention of degradation to the environment. Comment with relevant illustrations.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Environmental Governance
Appropriate local community level healthcare intervention is a prerequisite to achieve Health for All in India. Explain.2018 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Community Healthcare
E-governance is not only about utilization of the power of new technology but also much about the critical importance of the use value of information. Explain.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · E Governance
India’s relations with Israel have, of late, acquired a depth and diversity, which cannot be rolled back. Discuss.2018 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India Israel Relations
A number of outside powers have entrenched themselves in Central Asia, which is a zone of interest to India. Discuss the implications, in this context, of India joining the Ashgabat Agreement, 2018.2018 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Central Asia
Whether the Supreme Court judgement of July 2018 can settle the political tussle between the Lt. Governor and elected government of Delhi? Examine.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Delhi Governance
How far do you agree with the view that tribunals curtail the jurisdiction of ordinary courts? Discuss the constitutional validity and competency of tribunals in India.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Tribunals
India and USA are two large democracies. Examine the basic tenets on which the two political systems are based.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · India USA Political Systems
How is the Finance Commission of India constituted? What do you know about the terms of reference of the recently constituted Finance Commission? Discuss.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Finance Commission
Assess the importance of the Panchayat system in India as a part of local government. Apart from government grants, what sources can Panchayats look out for financing developmental projects?2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Panchayati Raj Finance
Multiplicity of various commissions for vulnerable sections of society leads to overlapping jurisdiction and duplication of functions. Is it better to merge all commissions into an umbrella Human Rights Commission? Argue your case.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Commissions and Human Rights
How far do you agree with the view that the focus on lack of availability of food as the main cause of hunger takes attention away from ineffective human development policies in India?2018 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Hunger and Human Development
The Citizens’ Charter is an ideal instrument of organisational transparency and accountability, but it has its own limitations. Identify the limitations and suggest measures for greater effectiveness of Citizens’ Charters.2018 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Citizens Charter
What are the key areas of reform if the WTO has to survive in the present context of trade war, especially keeping in mind the interest of India?2018 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · WTO Reform
In what ways would the ongoing US-Iran Nuclear Pact controversy affect the national interest of India? How should India respond to the situation?2018 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · US Iran Nuclear Pact
The local self-government system in India has not proved to be an effective instrument of governance. Critically examine the statement and give your views to improve the situation.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Local Self Government
Critically examine the Supreme Court’s judgement on National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014 with reference to the appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · NJAC
Simultaneous election to the Lok Sabha and the State Assemblies will limit the amount of time and money spent in electioneering but it will reduce the government’s accountability to the people. Discuss.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Simultaneous Elections
How do pressure groups influence Indian political process? Do you agree with this view that informal pressure groups have emerged as more powerful than formal pressure groups in recent years?2017 · Mains GS2 · General Studies · Pressure Groups
Discuss the role of Public Accounts Committee in establishing accountability of the government to the people.2017 · Mains GS2 · General Studies · Public Accounts Committee
To ensure effective implementation of policies addressing water, sanitation and hygiene needs, the identification of beneficiary segments is to be synchronized with the anticipated outcomes. Examine the statement in the context of the WASH scheme.2017 · Mains GS2 · General Studies · WASH Scheme
Does the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 ensure an effective mechanism for empowerment and inclusion of the intended beneficiaries in society? Discuss.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Disability Rights
Hunger and poverty are the biggest challenges for good governance in India still today. Evaluate how far successive governments have progressed in dealing with these humongous problems. Suggest measures for improvement.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Hunger and Poverty
China is using its economic relations and positive trade surplus as tools to develop potential military power status in Asia. In the light of this statement, discuss its impact on India as her neighbour.2017 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · China India Relations
What are the main functions of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)? Explain different functional commissions attached to it.2017 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · ECOSOC
Explain the salient features of the Constitution (One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016. Do you think it is efficacious enough to remove cascading effect of taxes and provide for a common national market for goods and services?2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · GST Constitutional Amendment
Examine the scope of Fundamental Rights in the light of the latest judgement of the Supreme Court on Right to Privacy.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Right to Privacy
The Indian Constitution has provisions for holding a joint session of the two houses of Parliament. Enumerate the occasions when this would normally happen and also the occasions when it cannot, with reasons thereof.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Joint Sitting
To enhance the quality of democracy in India, the Election Commission of India has proposed electoral reforms in 2016. What are the suggested reforms and how far are they significant to make democracy successful?2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Electoral Reforms
Is the National Commission for Women able to strategize and tackle the problems that women face at both public and private spheres? Give reasons in support of your answer.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · National Commission for Women
The emergence of Self Help Groups in contemporary times points to the slow but steady withdrawal of the State from developmental activities. Examine the role of SHGs in developmental activities and the measures taken by the Government of India to promote SHGs.2017 · Mains GS2 · General Studies · Self Help Groups
Poverty alleviation programmes in India remain mere show pieces until and unless they are backed by political will. Discuss with reference to the performance of the major poverty alleviation programmes in India.2017 · Mains GS2 · Society · Poverty Alleviation
Initially, Civil Services in India were designed to achieve the goals of neutrality and effectiveness, which seem to be lacking in the present context. Do you agree with the view that drastic reforms are required in Civil Services? Comment.2017 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Civil Service Reforms
The question of India’s energy security constitutes the most important part of India’s economic progress. Analyze India’s energy policy cooperation with West Asian countries.2017 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Energy Security
Indian diaspora has an important role to play in South-East Asian countries’ economy and society. Appraise the role of Indian diaspora in South-East Asia in this context.2017 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Indian Diaspora
Discuss the essentials of the 69th Constitutional Amendment Act and anomalies, if any, that have led to recent reported conflicts between elected representatives and the institution of the Lieutenant Governor in Delhi. Do you think this will give rise to a new trend in Indian federal politics?2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · 69th Constitutional Amendment
To what extent is Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, bearing marginal note temporary provision with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir, temporary? Discuss the future prospects of this provision in the context of Indian polity.2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Article 370
The Indian party system is passing through a phase of transition which looks to be full of contradictions and paradoxes. Discuss.2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Indian Party System
Exercise of CAG’s powers in relation to the accounts of the Union and the States is derived from Article 149 of the Indian Constitution. Discuss whether audit of the Government’s policy implementation could amount to overstepping CAG’s jurisdiction.2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · CAG and Policy Audit
Discuss each adjective attached to the word Republic in the Preamble. Are they defendable in the present circumstances?2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Preamble and Republic
What was held in the Coelho case? In this context, can you say that judicial review is of key importance amongst the basic features of the Constitution?2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Judicial Review
Did the Government of India Act, 1935 lay down a federal constitution? Discuss.2016 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Government of India Act 1935
What is a quasi-judicial body? Explain with the help of concrete examples.2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Quasi-judicial Bodies
Professor Amartya Sen has advocated important reforms in primary education and primary health care. What are your suggestions to improve their status and performance?2016 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Primary Education and Health
In the Indian governance system, the role of non-state actors has been only marginal. Critically examine this statement.2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Non-state Actors
Effectiveness of the government system at various levels and people’s participation in the governance system are inter-dependent. Discuss their relationship in the context of India.2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · People’s Participation
In the integrity index of Transparency International, India stands very low. Discuss briefly the legal, political, social and cultural factors that have caused the decline of public morality in India.2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Public Morality
Has the Indian governmental system responded adequately to the demands of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization started in 1991? What can the government do to be responsive to this important change?2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · LPG Reforms and Government
Traditional bureaucratic structure and culture have hampered the process of socio-economic development in India. Comment.2016 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Bureaucracy and Development
Examine the main provisions of the National Child Policy and throw light on the status of its implementation.2016 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · National Child Policy
Demographic Dividend in India will remain only theoretical unless our manpower becomes more educated, aware, skilled and creative. What measures have been taken by the government to enhance the capacity of our population to be more productive and employable?2016 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Demographic Dividend
The broader aims and objectives of WTO are to manage and promote international trade in the era of globalization. But the Doha round of negotiations seem doomed due to differences between developed and developing countries. Discuss in the Indian perspective.2016 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · WTO and Doha Round
Evaluate the economic and strategic dimensions of India’s Look East Policy in the context of the post-Cold War international scenario.2016 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Look East Policy
Increasing cross-border terrorist attacks in India and growing interference in the internal affairs of member-states by Pakistan are not conducive for the future of SAARC. Explain with suitable examples.2016 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · SAARC and Terrorism
What are the aims and objectives of the McBride Commission of the UNESCO? What is India’s position on these?2016 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · McBride Commission
Discuss the possible factors that inhibit India from enacting for its citizen a uniform civil code as provided for in the Directive Principles of State Policy.2015 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Uniform Civil Code
The concept of cooperative federalism has been increasingly emphasised in recent years. Highlight the drawbacks in the existing structure and extent to which cooperative federalism would answer the shortcomings.2015 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Cooperative Federalism
In the absence of well-educated and organised local level government system, Panchayats and Samitis have remained mainly political institutions and not effective instrument of governance. Critically discuss.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Local Governance
Khap panchayats have been in the news for functioning as extra-constitutional authorities, often delivering pronouncements amounting to human right violations. Discuss critically the actions taken by the legislative, executive and judiciary to set the things right in this regard.2015 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Khap Panchayats
Resorting to ordinances has always raised concern on violation of the spirit of separation of power doctrine. While noting the rationales justifying the power to promulgate, analyse whether the decisions of the Supreme Court on the issue have further facilitated resorting to this power. Should the power to promulgate ordinances be repealed?2015 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Ordinance Power
What are the major changes brought in the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 through the recent ordinance promulgated by the President? How far will it improve India’s dispute resolution mechanism? Discuss.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Arbitration and Conciliation
Does the right to clean environment entail legal regulation on burning crackers during Diwali? Discuss in the light of Article 21 of Indian Constitution and judgements of the apex court in this regard.2015 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Article 21 and Environment
Examine critically the recent changes in the rules governing foreign funding of NGOs under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · FCRA and NGOs
The Self Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP), which is India’s own innovation, has proved to be one of the most effective poverty alleviation and women empowerment programmes. Elucidate.2015 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · SHG Bank Linkage
How can the role of NGOs be strengthened in India for development works relating to protection of the environment? Discuss throwing light on the major constraints.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · NGOs and Environment
The quality of higher education in India requires major improvement to make it internationally competitive. Do you think that the entry of foreign educational institutions would help improve the quality of technical and higher education in the country? Discuss.2015 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Higher Education
Public health system has limitation in providing universal health coverage. Do you think that private sector can help in bridging the gap? What other viable alternatives do you suggest?2015 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Health Sector
Though there have been several different estimates of poverty in India, all indicate reduction in poverty over time. Do you agree? Critically examine with reference to urban and rural poverty indicators.2015 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Poverty Estimation
In the light of Satyam Scandal (2009), discuss the changes brought in corporate governance to ensure transparency and accountability.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Corporate Governance
If amendment bill to the Whistleblowers Protection Act, 2011 tabled in the Parliament is passed, there may be no one left to protect. Critically evaluate.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Whistleblower Protection
For achieving the desired objectives, it is necessary to ensure that the regulatory institutions remain independent and autonomous. Discuss in the light of experiences in recent past.2015 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Regulatory Institutions
Increasing interest of India in Africa has its pros and cons. Critically examine.2015 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Africa Relations
Discuss the impediments India is facing in its pursuit of a permanent seat in UNSC.2015 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · UNSC Reform
Project ‘Mausam’ is considered a unique foreign policy initiative of Indian government to improve relationship with its neighbours. Does the project have a strategic dimension? Discuss.2015 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Project Mausam
Terrorist activities and mutual distrust have clouded India-Pakistan relations. To what extent could the use of soft power like sports and cultural exchange help generate goodwill between the two countries? Discuss with suitable examples.2015 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Pakistan Relations
Starting from inventing the basic structure doctrine, the judiciary has played a highly proactive role in ensuring that India develops into a thriving democracy. In light of the statement, evaluate the role played by judicial activism in achieving the ideals of democracy.2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Judicial Activism
Though the federal principle is dominant in our Constitution and that principle is one of its basic features, it is equally true that federalism under the Indian Constitution leans in favour of a strong Centre, a feature that militates against the concept of strong federalism. Discuss.2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Federalism
The Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its Members as envisaged in Article 105 of the Constitution leave room for a large number of un-codified and un-enumerated privileges to continue. Assess the reasons for the absence of legal codification of parliamentary privileges. How can this problem be addressed?2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Parliamentary Privileges
What do you understand by the concept freedom of speech and expression? Does it cover hate speech also? Why do films in India stand on a slightly different plane from other forms of expression? Discuss.2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Freedom of Speech
Instances of President’s delay in commuting death sentences has come under public debate as denial of justice. Should there be a time specified for the President to accept or reject such petitions? Analyse.2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Death Sentence Commutation
The size of the cabinet should be as big as governmental work justifies and as big as the Prime Minister can manage as a team. How far is the efficacy of a government inversely related to the size of the cabinet? Discuss.2014 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Cabinet Size
Though 100 percent FDI is already allowed in non-news media like a trade publication and general entertainment channel, the Government is mulling over the proposal for increased FDI in news media. What difference would an increase in FDI make? Critically evaluate the pros and cons.2014 · Mains GS2 · Governance · FDI in News Media
The setting up of a Rail Tariff Authority to regulate fares will subject the cash-strapped Indian Railways to demand subsidy for obligation to operate non-profitable routes and services. Taking into account the experience in the power sector, discuss if the proposed reform is expected to benefit consumers, Indian Railways or private container operators.2014 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Rail Tariff Authority
National Human Rights Commission in India can be most effective when its tasks are adequately supported by other mechanisms that ensure accountability of government. Assess the role of NHRC as an effective complement to judiciary and other institutions in promoting and protecting human rights standards.2014 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · NHRC
The penetration of Self Help Groups in rural areas in promoting participation in development programmes is facing socio-cultural hurdles. Examine.2014 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Self Help Groups
Do government schemes for uplifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required social resources for them lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in urban economies?2014 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Vulnerable Communities
An athlete participates in Olympics for personal triumph and nation’s glory; victors are showered with cash incentives by various agencies on return. Discuss the merit of state-sponsored talent hunt and cultivation as against the rationale of a reward mechanism as encouragement.2014 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Sports Policy
Should premier institutes like IITs and IIMs be allowed to retain premier status, have more academic independence in designing courses, and decide mode or criteria of selection of students? Discuss in light of growing challenges.2014 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Higher Education Autonomy
Has the cadre-based Civil Services organization been the cause of slow change in India? Critically examine.2014 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Civil Services Cadre System
Two parallel run schemes of the Government, Aadhaar and NPR, one voluntary and the other compulsory, have led to debates and litigation. On merits, discuss whether both schemes need to run concurrently. Analyse their potential to achieve development benefits and equitable growth.2014 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Aadhaar and NPR
With respect to the South China Sea, maritime territorial disputes and rising tension affirm the need for safeguarding maritime security to ensure freedom of navigation and overflight throughout the region. In this context, discuss the bilateral issues between India and China.2014 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · South China Sea
The aim of Information Technology Agreements is to lower all taxes and tariffs on information technology products by signatories to zero. What impact would such agreements have on India’s interests?2014 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Information Technology Agreement
Some international funding agencies have special terms for economic participation stipulating that a substantial component of aid be used for sourcing equipment from leading countries. Discuss the merits of such terms and whether there is a strong case not to accept such conditions in the Indian context.2014 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Aid Conditions
India has recently signed to become a founding member of New Development Bank and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. How will the role of the two banks be different? Discuss the strategic significance of these two banks for India.2014 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · NDB and AIIB
WTO is an important international institution where decisions affect countries in a profound manner. What is the mandate of WTO and how binding are its decisions? Critically analyse India’s stand on the latest round of talks on food security.2014 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · WTO and Food Security
The role of individual MPs (Members of Parliament) has diminished over the years and as a result healthy constructive debates on policy issues are not usually witnessed. How far can this be attributed to the anti-defection law, which was legislated but with a different intention?2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Anti-defection Law
Discuss Section 66A of IT Act, with reference to its alleged violation of Article 19 of the Constitution.2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Section 66A
Recent directives from Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas are perceived by the ‘Nagas’ as a threat to override the exceptional status enjoyed by the State. Discuss in light of Article 371A of the Indian Constitution.2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Article 371A
‘The Supreme Court of India keeps a check on arbitrary power of the Parliament in amending the Constitution.’ Discuss critically.2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Constitutional Amendment
Many State Governments further bifurcate geographical administrative areas like Districts and Talukas for better governance. In light of the above, can it also be justified that more number of smaller States would bring in effective governance at State level? Discuss.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Smaller States
Constitutional mechanisms to resolve the inter-state water disputes have failed to address and solve the problems. Is the failure due to structural or process inadequacy or both? Discuss.2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · Inter-state Water Disputes
Discuss the recommendations of the 13th Finance Commission which have been a departure from the previous commissions for strengthening the local government finances.2013 · Mains GS2 · Polity · 13th Finance Commission
The product diversification of financial institutions and insurance companies, resulting in overlapping of products and services strengthens the case for the merger of the two regulatory agencies, namely SEBI and IRDA. Justify.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Regulatory Merger
The concept of Mid Day Meal scheme is almost a century old in India with early beginnings in Madras Presidency in pre-independent India. The scheme has again been given impetus in most states in the last two decades. Critically examine its twin objectives, latest mandates and success.2013 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Mid Day Meal Scheme
Pressure group politics is sometimes seen as the informal face of politics. With regards to the above, assess the structure and functioning of pressure groups in India.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Pressure Groups
The legitimacy and accountability of Self Help Groups and their patrons, the micro-finance outfits, need systematic assessment and scrutiny for the sustained success of the concept. Discuss.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Self Help Groups
The Central Government frequently complains on the poor performance of the State Governments in eradicating suffering of the vulnerable sections of the society. Restructuring of Centrally sponsored schemes across the sectors for ameliorating the cause of vulnerable sections of population aims at providing flexibility to the States in better implementation. Critically evaluate.2013 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · Centrally Sponsored Schemes
Electronic cash transfer system for the welfare schemes is an ambitious project to minimize corruption, eliminate wastage and facilitate reforms. Comment.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Cash Transfer
The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas is rooted in establishing connectivity. Comment.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · PURA
Identify the Millennium Development Goals that are related to health. Discuss the success of the actions taken by the Government for achieving the same.2013 · Mains GS2 · Social Justice · MDGs and Health
Though Citizen’s charters have been formulated by many public service delivery organizations, there is no corresponding improvement in the level of citizens’ satisfaction and quality of services being provided. Analyse.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Citizen’s Charters
A national Lokpal, however strong it may be, cannot resolve the problems of immorality in public affairs. Discuss.2013 · Mains GS2 · Governance · Lokpal
The proposed withdrawal of the International Security Assistance Force from Afghanistan in 2014 is fraught with major security implications for the countries of the region. Examine in light of the fact that India is faced with a plethora of challenges and needs to safeguard its own strategic interests.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Afghanistan and ISAF Withdrawal
What do you understand by ‘The String of Pearls’? How does it impact India? Briefly outline the steps taken by India to counter this.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · String of Pearls
Economic ties between India and Japan, while growing in recent years, are still far below their potential. Elucidate the policy constraints which are inhibiting this growth.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Japan Economic Ties
The protests in Shahbag Square in Dhaka in Bangladesh reveal a fundamental split in society between the nationalists and Islamic forces. What is its significance for India?2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Shahbag Protests
Discuss the political developments in Maldives in the last two years. Should they be of cause of concern to India?2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Maldives
In respect of India-Sri Lanka relation, discuss how domestic factors influence foreign policy.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · India-Sri Lanka Relations
What is meant by Gujral doctrine? Does it have any relevance today? Discuss.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Gujral Doctrine
The World Bank and the IMF, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, are the two intergovernmental pillars supporting the structure of the world’s economic and financial order. Superficially, the World Bank and the IMF exhibit many common characteristics, yet their roles, functions and mandates are distinctly different. Elucidate.2013 · Mains GS2 · International Relations · Bretton Woods Institutions