Disaster Management Cycle: UPSC GS-III Guide
Use prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery as a complete answer framework.
Risk is more than a hazard
A cyclone, flood, earthquake or heatwave becomes a disaster when hazard meets exposure and vulnerability. This distinction helps answers move beyond event description toward land use, infrastructure quality, early warning and social protection.
The management cycle
Prevention and mitigation reduce avoidable risk; preparedness develops plans, capacities and warnings; response saves lives and restores essential services; recovery should build resilience rather than recreate vulnerability. The phases overlap and require coordination across departments and communities.
Indian institutional context
Use the Disaster Management Act framework, national and state institutions, local bodies and community volunteers where relevant. Add a specific hazard example only to demonstrate the framework, not to replace analysis.
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